Este trabajo investigativo establece la importancia del Instituto Tecnológico Superior Paulo Emilio Macías en el desarrollo productivo del área agrícola y pecuaria de la Zona 4 de Manabí y Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. El problema general se centra en un conjunto de causas como el escaso acceso a la educación superior, deficiente gestión económica, científica, industrial, social, ambiental y deficientes servicios ambientales que impiden el desarrollo económico. Los resultados obtenidos en la investigación permitió establecer los conocimientos que se requieren en el tecnólogo agropecuario para el cambio de la matriz productiva de la zona 4, se utilizó herramientas de investigación como: encuestas y análisis de datos públicos bibliográficos, entre otros, quedando así el encadenamiento productivo con dificultades que están relacionadas con el deficiente desarrollo de las capacidades tecnológicas y de gestión de los pequeños productores, limitados por el acceso a factores de producción. En conclusión se requiere que los centros de educación superior desarrollen un currículo apegado a la pertinencia de la carrera de producción agrícola y pecuaria para optimizar los recursos existentes en la zona El valor agregado es fundamental para el desarrollo productivo y económico de la zona el cual incluye la innovación en la tecnología sin dejar de lado la integración de los saberes ancestrales, interculturalidad, equidad de género y sobre todo el respeto al medio que le rodea. Palabras clave: Desarrollo, servicios ambientales, encadenamiento productivo, pertinencia, valor agregado, innovación, interculturalidad, equidad de género. Technological education at the Higher Institutes in the agricultural development in zone 4 Abstract This research work establishes the importance of the Technological Institute Superior Paulo Emilio Macias in the productive development of the agricultural and livestock area of Zone 4 of Manabí and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas. The general problem centers on a set of causes such as poor access to higher education, poor economic management, scientific, industrial, social, environmental and poor environmental services that impede economic development. The results obtained in the investigation established the skills required in the agricultural technologist for change of the productive matrix of zone 4, research tools as used surveys and analysis of bibliographic public data, among others, being thus the productive linkages with difficulties are related to poor development of technological capabilities and management of small producers, limited by access to factors of production. In conclusion it requires higher education institutions to develop a curriculum attached to the relevance of the career of crop and livestock production to optimize existing resources in the area 4. The added value is critical for productive and economic development of the area including innovation in technology without neglecting the integration of ancestral knowledge, intercultural, gender equality and above all respect for the surrounding environment. Keywords: Development, envaronment services, chaining productive, pertinence, value to aggregate, innovation, interculturality, gender equalily.
Despite the fact that tomato is the most cultivated vegetable in Portoviejo, there is still a need for change in the production farms with respect to the post-harvest handling of the product. The work shows an analysis of the results of inadequate post-harvest management of tomatoes, which was carried out as part of a research teaching work at the Paulo Emilio Macías Higher Technological Institute. The problem is centered on the lack of good post-harvest management practices for tomatoes on farms in the Portoviejo canton. The study was applied to 20 producers from 5 populations of rural Portovejenses, whose objective was to determine and quantify post-harvest losses, in the harvest-marketing phase, analyzing the decrease in the quality of the vegetable, due to handling factors, packaging, and transport conditions between farms and the commercialization center. The results obtained show that good post-harvest practices are not carried out and that the producers are unaware of the importance of proper management during collection, transport, and marketing, concluding that it is necessary to create a post-harvest management guide for the cultivation of tomato, to be applied in farms of the Portoviejo canton.
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