Background: India's Garment Industry has been rapidly growing in last few years. The Garment Industry is of major importance to the Indian economy as it contributes substantially to India's export earnings. Thus employees working in the above sociological context of working life are expected to be affected by the general acceleration of the pace of life, contributing to work intensification and constant time pressure. Managers play a key role in reducing the significant sources of stress and shaping the future of employees. Thus the above study was undertaken among managers and supervisory level staff. The objectives of the study were to estimate the magnitude and level of work-related stress and to find the association of socio-demographic factors with work-related stress in garment manufacturing factory. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken for 4 months, from October 2015 to January 2016, in a selected garment factory, located in the periphery of Bangalore city. A total of 167 supervisors and 41 managers, were included in the study. Stress was assessed by using ‘Tool to assess and classify work stress and associated symptoms’, developed by Centre for public health, NIMHANS. Results: Prevalence of work-related stress was 26% (95% CI; 18.04-26.36). Managers had higher prevalence of stress (29.3%) when compared to supervisors (25.1%). Majority of managers were perceived to have moderate stress level (58.4%) when compared to supervisors (26.10%). Among all the socio-demographic factors; age, total monthly income, travel time and mode of transport were significantly associated with work-related stress (p<0.05). Conclusions: Organization changes viz., effort-reward imbalances, needs to be corrected and appropriate transport facilities meeting the employee requirements have to be provided, to cope up stress associated with travelling.
Greater involvement of the private sector to assist the government would help augment nutrition in children and indirectly impact school performance, attendance and literacy.
Background Health benefits of physical activity measured in terms of metabolic equivalent minutes (MET-minutes per week) have been established. However, factors affecting physical activity, like age, gender, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, particularly in rural communities have not been documented on a large sample. Methods Baseline physical activity data of more than 4000 subjects over 30 years of age, who were enrolled in a randomised community-based study on non-communicable diseases, were analysed. Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was used and anthropometric measurements were classified according to the MONICA study manual. Three domains of physical activity were measured as MET-minutes per week - activity at work, travel to and from places and recreational activities. Association of MET-minutes with sociodemographic variables and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases was studied. Results Mean MET-minutes per week of females were found to be significantly lower than that of males and decreased with advancing age and higher BMI in both genders. Married persons, normal BMI, normal waist-hip ratio, lower leisure time activity had demonstrated higher MET values (P = 0.000). In our study, the prevalence of inactivity (<600 MET-minutes) was 3.2% which was similar in both males and females. As high as 96.2% of the subjects had MET-minutes of > 1200. Nearly 50% of the subjects had leisure time ranging from 121 to 240 minutes per day. Conclusion A large majority of adults over 30 years of age in a rural community in Karnataka (96.2%) had very high MET-minutes per week of >1200 per day. Abnormal BMI, higher waist-hip ratio and more leisure time were associated with lower MET-minutes which are modifiable. About 50% had more than 2 hours of leisure time per day. It is recommended that health promotion for active lifestyle should be encouraged.
Background: MDRTB is a global health concern with its current prevalence in India being 2.3% and 17.2% respectively among newly diagnosed and previously treated cases. Besides its clinical impact, the disease affects the QOL of patients suffering from MDR-TB. The objective of the study was to assess the quality of life among MDR-TB cases in comparison with non-MDR TB cases and TB cured subjects (Category I, RNTCP).Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in all the 14 TUs under District Tuberculosis Centre of Municipal Corporation of Bengaluru (BBMP). Study subjects comprised of 52 MDR-TB Cases, 53 Non-MDR-TB cases and 54 Category I TB cured subjects. WHOQOL BREF questionnaire was used to assess the QOL among study subjects. Median [IQR] scores of QOL in each of the domains among various groups were compared using Kruskal Wallis test. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Median age among MDRTB cases was 35 years [IQR: 26-50] whereas it was 37 years [IQR: 28-47] among Non MDRTB cases and 30.5 years [IQR: 22-45] among TB cured subjects. Out of 52 MDRTB cases, 26(50%) were females compared to 14 (26.4%) among Non MDRTB cases and 26(48.1%) among TB cured subjects (p=0.0024). As compared to non MDRTB cases, physical and environmental domains’ scores of MDRTB cases were significantly low (p=0.01 and p=0.001 respectively).Whereas, as compared to TB cured subjects, physical and psychological domains’ scores of MDRTB cases were significantly low (p<0.001 and p<0.001 respectively).Conclusions: The QOL of patients suffering from TB is affected and the impact is even worse in MDRTB. Hence prompt treatment of TB and early diagnosis of MDRTB will reduce the disease severity and improve the QOL.
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