It is shown that the convenient processing facilities of digital signals that varying in a finite range of amplitudes are non-binary Galois fields, the numbers of which elements are equal to prime numbers. Within choosing a sampling interval which corresponding to such a Galois field, it becomes possible to construct a Galois field Fourier transform, a distinctive feature of which is the exact correspondence with the ranges of variation of the amplitudes of the original signal and its digital spectrum. This favorably distinguishes the Galois Field Fourier Transform of the proposed type from the spectra, which calculated using, for example, the Walsh basis. It is also shown, that Galois Field Fourier Transforms of the proposed type have the same properties as the Fourier transform associated with the expansion in terms of the basis of harmonic functions. In particular, an analogue of the classical correlation, which connected the signal spectrum and its derivative, was obtained. On this basis proved, that the using of the proposed type of Galois fields makes it possible to develop a complete analogue of the transfer function apparatus, but only for signals presented in digital form.
It is shown, that reaction between polyacrylic acid and polyvinyl caprolactam leads to formation of wide range of different products. Besides classic interpolymer complexes and physically cross-linked hydrogels, the intermediates are formed. Those intermediates, particularly, include hydrophilic interpolymer associates, i.e. semistable polymer networks existing in dynamical mode, which is characterized by continuous process of formation/destroying of hydrogen bonds. Other intermediate products are relatively stable fragments of the polymer networks or associates stabilized by hydrogen bonds.
It is shown that during training an artificial neural network built on elements with a threshold activation function, the weighting coefficients of each neuron can be selected from a certain discrete set, the nature of which depends on the number of neurons inputs. An example of a neuron with three inputs is considered in detail. It is shown that there are only 8 non-trivial combinations of weight coefficients that specify the work of neurons of this variety: any other combination of weight coefficients that describe the work of a non-degenerate neuron with this number of inputs can be replaced by one of the above 8 combinations without changing the character of the neuron functioning in the network. A method has been developed that allows one to determine relevant combinations of weights for neurons with an arbitrary number of inputs. It is shown that the proposed approach creates the prerequisites for assessing the “information power” of neural networks based on data on the nature of the connections between the neurons that form it.
The theory of thermal energy converters based on polyelectrolyte hydrogels has been developed. The possibility of providing the circulation of a fluid in the contour by controlled variations of the local value of concentrations of the mobile ions that cause an osmotic pressure gradient was shown. On the basis of the solution of motion equations of the mobile ions the numerical estimates of parameters of proposed type of circulation contour are given.
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