Microglia have been implicated in amyloid beta-induced neuropathology, but their role in tau-induced neurodegeneration remains unclear. Mancuso et al. report that blockade of microglial proliferation by CSF1R inhibitor JNJ-40346527 modifies brain inflammation and ameliorates disease progression in P301S tauopathy mice. CSF1R inhibition may have therapeutic potential in tau-mediated neurodegenerative diseases.
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