Introduction:Ayurvedic and herbal medicinal products contain a combination of botanicals; each of these contains a number of chemical compounds that may give the anticipated activity in combination. Therefore, it is very important to analyze and evaluate the compatibility of various active constituents and markers from different medicinal plants for their possible chemical interactions with various excipients at different storage conditions during the development of a stable polyherbal formulation.Objective:To study chemical stability of kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) and kutki (Picrorhiza kurroa) extract for their active markers andrographolide, kutkoside and picroside-I and to develop stable polyherbal formulation based on the incompatibility studies.Materials and Methods:The compatibility study was carried out on individual ethanolic extracts of these two plants along with the commonly used excipients in the ratio of 1:1 at 40 ± 2°C and 75 ± 5% relative humidity and at a refrigeration temperature of 5 ± 1°C for initial, 7-, 15- and 30-day intervals. The analysis was carried out using the validated reverse phase–high-performance liquid chromatography methods. A stable tablet dosage form was developed based on the results of these studies.Result:The study suggested that the active markers of kutki (kutkoside and picroside-I) were found to be degraded in the presence of the kalmegh extract. However, the active marker of the kalmegh extract (andrographolide) was found to be stable. Both the extracts showed excellent compatibility with all the excipients used in making this formulation. No significant decrease in the kutkoside and picroside-I content from the formulation was observed.Conclusion:By separate granulation process the exposure of both the extracts can be minimized thus avoiding the degradation of active markers.
Acne vulgaris is common dermatological disorder primarily acts on children and adolescents. This affects approximately 80% of the population between the ages of 12-25 years. The clinically used anti-acne drugs suffer from the disadvantage of side effects and high cost of treatment. Alternative to these drugs are traditional medicines and natural products, which offer a great hope in the identification of bioactive lead compounds and their development into drugs for the treatment of skin disorder like acne vulgaris. The use of traditional medicines and phytopharmaceuticals for treating various skin ailments dates back several centuries. The aim of the present review is to compile relevant data on the mechanisms of action of various natural compounds from ethnomedicinal plants and their role in the resolution of acne vulgaris. An attempt is also being made to enumerate the possible leads from Indian traditional medicinal system for the treatment of acne. We tried to provide the readers with the array of outcome variables, which can be further worked upon in clinical studies. Finally, this paper puts forth issues that need to be addressed by researchers in the future.
Background:Hepatotoxicity ultimately leads to liver failure. Conventional treatment options for hepatotoxicity are limited and not safe.Objective:Formulation AHPL/AYTAB/0613 is developed to provide safer and effective hepatoprotective drug of natural origin. A study was conducted to evaluate hepatoprotective activity of AHPL/AYTAB/0613 (three dosages) in comparison with marketed formulations in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), ethanol, and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats.Materials and Methods:Three separate studies were conducted in models of CCl4, ethanol, and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity. Seven groups of animals were studied comparatively to evaluate the efficacy of AHPL/AYTAB/0613 in low, medium, and high dosage in comparison with silymarin and a marketed polyherbal formulation. The drugs were orally administered to rats for 10 days in CCl4 model and for 14 days in ethanol and paracetamol models. Animals were weighed periodically. After the study period, blood was tested for serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, and total protein levels. Liver tissue of sacrificed animals was examined histopathologically.Results:All the test formulations including all three dosages of AHPL/AYTAB/0613, significantly reduced levels of SGOT, SGPT, ALP, total bilirubin, in CCl4, ethanol, and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity models. There was significant increase in total protein level in all the tested formulations. All the test formulations effectively preserved the structural integrity of the hepatocellular membrane and liver cell architecture damaged by CCl4, ethanol, and paracetamol. When compared between groups, no statistically significant difference was observed. It can be concluded that AHPL/AYTAB/0613 possesses hepatoprotective activity in CCl4, ethanol, and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.Conclusion:AHPL/AYTAB/0613 can be effectively used as a hepatoprotective agent in the management of hepatitis caused due to various toxins.SUMMARYA polyherbal formulation AHPL/AYTAB/0613 containing Bhringaraja - Eclipta alba extract, Guduchi - Tinospora cordifolia extract, Daruharidra - Berberis aristata extract, Kakamachi - Solanum nigrum extract, Punarnava - Boerhaavia diffusa extract, Bhumyamalaki - Phyllanthus niruri extract, Kutaki - Picrorhiza kurroa extract, and Kalmegha - Andrograhis paniculata extract was assessed for its hepatoprotective activity. This activity was tested in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), ethanol, and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity models in Wistar albino rats in comparison with two marketed formulations. It was observed that AHPL/AYTAB/0613 significantly reduced levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin and also significantly increased total protein level. All the test formulations effectively preserved the structural integrity of the hepatocellular membrane and liver cell architecture da...
Vajikaran Chikitsa is the branch of Ashtanga Ayurveda, which deals with all types of physical and psychological sexual problems like impotence, libido, poor erection, and early ejaculation in males. The WHO estimated that the usage of traditional medicine in developing countries is 80% and suggested a need for further exploration of the natural aphrodisiacs for the mechanism of action. Considering the prevalence of the sexual dysfunctioning in the society, side effects with the conventional aphrodisiac drugs, the study was planned to evaluate some Ayurvedic plants like Abutilon indicum and Withania somnifera for the aphrodisiac potential. An attempt was also made to elucidate the possible mechanism of action of these plants for their use in Vagikarana chikitsa. From the present study, it could be concluded that A. indicum and W. somnifera both possessed marked aphrodisiac activity complying many facets such as enhancement in libido, increase in the sexual performance, penile erection and anabolism, increased spermatogenesis as well as sperm validity. Study results pointed out the place of these drugs in the Vajikarana Chikitsa. A. indicum would be useful in management of erectile dysfunction as it had shown to relax penile cavernosal tissue probably by phosphodiesterase inhibition and cGMP accumulation.
Summary.A simple, sensitive, and accurate liquid chromatographic method with photodiode array detector was developed for the determination of andrographolide, phyllanthin, and hypophyllanthin. The separation was carried out on a reverse-phase 250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μ symmetry C8 column (Waters). The gradient was prepared from 0.1% orthophosphoric acid (solvent A) and (1:1) acetonitrile:methanol (solvent B) as mobile phase delivered at a flow rate of 1 mL min −1 . A linear behavior was observed between observed peak area response, and concentration of analytes was investigated, with good correlation coefficient. The method established was successfully applied to quantify andrographolide, phyllanthin, and hypophyllanthin from the herbal hepatoprotective formulation.
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