Monosporascus cannonballus is an important cucurbit root pathogen, which has been reported in the main production areas of melon and watermelon in Brazil and worldwide and potentially capable to colonize roots of different species. Crop rotation is considered an effective management strategy to prevent this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response of different crops, pumpkin, cotton, cowpea, sesame, watermelon, melon, corn, cucumber, sorghum and tomato, to the infection of this pathogen. Seedlings were transplanted into plastic containers with an inoculum concentration of 20 colony‐forming units (CFU) g−1 of M. cannonballus. Fifty days after transplanting, the variables analysed were the degree of disease severity on the root system and the frequency of reisolation. On cucurbits, the results demonstrated different degrees of susceptibility among crops and cultivars, being melon and watermelon the most sensitive species. In contrast, Cucurbita cultivars were the most tolerant. Regarding non‐cucurbit crops, maize, sorghum and tomato presented root discoloration and M. cannonballus was reisolated from roots. Cotton, cowpea and sesame cultivars were not affected by the pathogen, so they can be considered as alternative crops to be cultivated, or in rotation with cucurbits, in M. cannonballus infested soils.
RESUMO: Estudou-se isolados de bactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas (BPCP's) no crescimento/desenvolvimento de plantas de meloeiro irrigadas com água salina (AS). No primeiro experimento avaliou-se o efeito de bactérias epifíticas e endofíticas. No segundo, o efeito de isolados bacterianos no crescimento das plantas irrigadas com AS. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente aleatorizado com 20 tratamentos e 10 repetições. No primeiro experimento, o isolado SR9 diferiu da testemunha e dos ENDCA1 e SR5 para a altura das plantas (AP), proporcionando aumento de 18% para esta variável. O isolado EPIF1 proporcionou maior massa fresca total (MFT). No segundo, observou-se redução na AP de 60,34% quando tratada com AS. Constatou-se que as variáveis: número de folhas (NF), área foliar (AF), massa fresca de folhas (MFF), massa fresca de caule (MFC) e massa fresca total (MFT) que esse mesmo isolado (ENDCA1) proporcionou para a maioria dessas, uma tendência numérica em superar os demais isolados. Para massa seca de raiz (MSR), e de folhas (MSF), massa seca do caule (MSC) e massa seca total (MST) verificou-se que ENDCA1 foi estatisticamente superior à maioria dos tratamentos, em todas as variáveis estudadas. O SR9 promoveu melhor desenvolvimento das plantas, quando irrigadas com AS. O isolado ENDCA1 é um potencial promotor de desenvolvimento das plantas irrigadas com AS.Palavras-chave: Cucumis melo, crescimento, salinidade.
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