BACKGROUND: Inflammation plays a major role in the initiation, destabilization and the progression of atherosclerosis. High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) reflects active systemic inflammation and have shown to be a strong predictor of future cardiovascular events. AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine the role of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) independent for atherosclerosis severity prediction and to find out which factors largely is affecting hs-CRP level in dyslipidemia patient. METHODS: A total of 388 patients (267 dyslipidemia, 121 controls) were enrolled in this study. We investigated whether plasma hs-CRP is associated with atherosclerosis severity that was quantified by ankle-brachial index (ABI) and Doppler ultrasound. Related risk factor that influence hs-CRP levels in patients with dyslipidemia included determination of age, gender, diabetes, smoking, hypertension, total cholesterol, TG, LDL, HDL, and fasting glucose. RESULTS: Data showed a significant association between hs-CRP concentration level and the severity of atherosclerosis (p < 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, and BMI were significantly positively correlated with hs-CRP levels. Whereas, HDL cholesterol was negatively correlated with hs-CRP levels. Multivariate regression analysis using model 1 and 2, showed that in determining hs-CRP levels, triglyceride and BMI were taking a big role. CONCLUSION: Hs-CRP correlates with extent of atherosclerosis, and high triglyceride and BMI is closely associated with high hs-CRP levels in patients with dyslipidemia.

Typhoid is a global health problem especially in developing countries, one of which is in Indonesia. The incidence of antibiotic resistance in typhoid therapy can occur due to inappropriate use of antibiotics. This study aims to determine patterns of antibiotic use as well as the quality and quantity of antibiotic use in typhoid therapy in one of the provincial government hospitals in Bali. This study was an observational study conducted retrospectively which was analyzed using the Gyssens and ATC/DDD methods. The research data were taken from the medical records of patients in the January-December 2019 period that met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that of the 40 total antibiotics prescribing, ceftriaxone was the most widely used antibiotic for typhoid therapy. The quality of antibiotic use as much as 40% is stated rational (category 0), while the other 60% is irrational (categories I-VI) which includes the use of antibiotics with incorrect interval of administration (IIB; 5%), the use of antibiotics that is too long (IIIA; 40%), the use of antibiotics that are too short (IIIB; 5%), there are other antibiotics that are more effective (IVA; 5%), and there are other antibiotics that are less toxic/safer (IVB; 5%). The quantity of antibiotic use was stated more than WHO standards which includes the use of ceftriaxone at 83.80 DDD/100 patient days; levofloxacin at 27.47 DDD/100 patient days; and azithromycin at 3.52 DDD/100 patient days. The results of this study are expected to be a consideration for the hospital as a material for evaluation and improvement in order to improve the rationality of antibiotic use.

Balm is a thick oil containing resin oil and essential oils, feels hot. Balm is applied by rubbing and rubbing on the skin. The balm has the benefit of reducing muscle aches, which are caused by the burning sensation of the balm. Essential oils can cause a refreshing and soothing sensation after the use it. This balm can calm consumers who experience muscle pain. The aim of this study is to find out the best formula preferred by consumers aged 20 to 60 years. The method of this study is a qualitative analysis, based on the answers of questionnaires by respondent. Four balm formula was tested, namely Balm no 1, Balm no 2, Balm no 3, Balm no 4. The parameter assessed is aroma, texture, color and warm sensation. The results show that the description of male consumers (54.5%), women (45.5%), ages 20-30 years (45.5%), ages 31-40 years (27.3%), ages 41-50 years (18.2%), aged 51 years and over (9%). The results showed that most respondent liked Balm No. 4, both in terms of aroma, texture, color and warm sensation. It is expected that this warm feeling will be able to reduce the aches in the muscles of respondent.

ABSTRAKTanaman binahong (Anredera scandens (L.) Moq.) adalah salah satu tanaman yang secara empiris dapat memberikan aktivitas sebagai penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan sebagai standarisasi pada bahan baku obat tradisional yang selanjutnya dapat dikembangkan menjadi obat herbal terstandar atau bahkan fitofarmaka. Penentuan profil kromatografi kandungan fitokimia dari ekstrak Binahong (Anredera scandens (L.) perlu dilakukan untuk memastikan kualitas dari ekstrak Binahong (Anredera scandens (L.) Moq.) yang berkaitan dengan aktivitas yang diberikan. Penentuan profil kromatografi kandungan fitokimia dari ekstrak etanol daun binahong (Anredera scandens (L.) Moq.) dilakukan dengan metode KLT-Spektrofotodensitometri menggunakan fase gerak yang sesuai dengan golongan senyawa yang terkandung di dalamnya. Pada ekstrak etanol daun binahong (Anredera scandens (L.) Moq.) mengandung senyawa golongan flavonoid, saponin, triterpenoid dan tanin.Keyword : profil kandungan kimia, daun binahong (Anredera scandens (L.) Moq.), spektrofotodensitometer

Nira aren memiliki kandungan gizi beragam dan berpotensi diolah menjadi produk dengan nilai ekonomis tinggi, seperti minuman isotonik dan gula semut/kristal. Standar mutu merupakan syarat utama suatu produk untuk dapat dipasarkan, yang salah satunya ditentukan dari komposisi kandungan suatu produk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan dari produk minuman isotonik dan gula kristal dengan acuan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Penelitian menggunakan sampel produk minuman isotonik dan gula semut produksi petani Aren Desa Taro Tegallalang Gianyar. Pengujian meliputi uji kadar sukrosa, mineral, Vitamin C dan pH sebagai persyaratan mutu minuman isotonik; kadar sukrosa, kadar abu dan air serta cemaran timbal sebagai persyaratan mutu gula kristal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minuman isotonik memiliki kadar sukrosa 0.52%, Mineral (Ca 11.05%, F 120.3 %), dan Vitamin C 0,21 % dengan pH 4.87. Gula kristal mengandung sukrosa 70.25%, Kadar abu 2.85%, dan kadar air 3%, serta tidak ditemukan cemaran Pb. Secara keseluruhan hasil kandungan minuman isotonik dan gula semut memenuhi pernyaratan SNI.