Coffee parasite leaves (Loranthus parasiticus (L.) Merr) is one of the plants that can be used as a medicinal material commonly obtained in various subtropical regions or tropical regions. This study aims to isolation of secondary metabolite compounds from methanol extract of coffee leaves and antibacterial activity by of disc diffusion and microdilution methods against S. aureus bacteria, S. mutans, and S. viridians. The result of antibacterial activity against S. aureus bacteria, S. mutans, and S. viridians respectively is 7.5 mm; 7.9 mm; and 8 mm which indicates that the ability to inhibit the growth of methanol extract bacteria 1% coffee leaves belongs to the medium category. The results of the microdilution method in determining the value of KHM against bacteria S. Aureus, S. Mutans, and S. Viridians are equal to the KHM value of 5000 μg/mL. Meanwhile, the MBC value for S. aureus was >5000 g/Ml, for S. mutans was >5000 g/mL and for S. viridians it was 5000 g/mL, indicating that the methanol extract of the coffee parasite leaves was only an inhibitor. Isolation of secondary metabolite compounds is carried out by fractionation using Liquid Vacuum Chromatography and Gravitational Column Chromatography which are further characterized using the GC-MS instrument. The results of the isolation of secondary metabolites from the methanol extract of the leaves of the coffee parasite (Loranthus parasiticus (L.) Merr.) showed that the leaves of the coffee parasite contained any 9 compounds.
ab initio method used on the mechanism of acetalization of 2-methoxybenzaldehyde. ab initio method is a quantum mechanical approximate calculation and derived directly only from theoretical principles. All geometry optimizations were performed using 3-21G and 6-31G* basis set with Hyperchem 8.0 software (windows version). The aim of this study was to focus on the study of the mechanism of acetalization of 2-methoxybenzaldehyde using hydrochloric acid as catalysts. The computational calculation not only provided possible reaction steps but also provided possible energy change in each step of the reaction mechanism of acetalization of 2-methoxybenzaldehyde. The result showed that 2-methoxybenzaldehyde (0 kJ/mol) has the lowest energy and electronegativity compared to acetal product (-17.43 kJ/mol) and a labile hemiacetal (448.33 kJ/mol) due to its stability and the influence of neighbour atom.
Khail-khail (Elaeagnus latifolia) is one of the plants endemic to Samosir Island in North Sumatra. Nowadays, further research was needed to explore bioactive compounds produced by these plants. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of plant extract against Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Salmonella enterica. The methods of antibacterial activity test were Paper Discs and Microdilution. The Antibacterial activity results used paper disc method against Staphylococcus saprophyticus showed a weak inhibition and Resistant (R). Moreover, the MIC and KBM values with microdilution method were 1250 μg/mL.
The discovery of various of new medicinal compounds from various research clarifies the important role of computational studies as the initial basis for finding sources of medicinal raw materials both from natural and synthetic. SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or COVID-19 is the virus which is responsible for the outbreak that affects almost the entire world began in early 2020. This study aim is to determine the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and quinine derivative compounds by utilizing and developing quinine plants as medicinal ingredients, especially Corona antivirus. The research was conducted in silico with the molecular docking method. The docking software used in this research is AutodockVina. The results showed that from the 10 tested compounds against SARS-CoV-2 virus cells, all of ithas the ability as an antivirus with the binding affinity of around -6 kcal / mol. The native ligands have the best binding affinity among the tested compounds which is around -7.9 kcal / mol. This is also supported by the number of hydrogen bondings and bond lengths as well.
This study aimed to perform a phytochemical screening and test the antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of acetone extracts of the Coffee parasite (Loranthus ferrugineus Roxb). A phytochemical screen was performed using specific reagents. Antimicrobial testing was performed using the paper disc diffusion method. The antioxidant activity test used the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Anticancer activity test against HeLa and A549 cells based on the 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay method. Acetone extract L. ferrugineus Roxb contains alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and tannins compounds. The acetone extract of L. ferrugineus Roxb showed activity against all the bacteria tested, with the inhibition zone diameter ranging from 6.2 mm - 11.1 mm. Acetone extract of L. Ferrugineus Roxb had a very strong antioxidant activity with a value of IC50 = 48.7122 µg/mL. The anticancer activity test showed cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells with a value of IC50 = 47.62 µg/mL and for A549 cells with a value of IC50 = 192.83 µg/mL.
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