RESUMOAvaliaram-se os efeitos do teor de umidade e classe diamétrica na qualidade do tratamento de moirões de Corymbia torelliana e Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla. Utilizaram-se 108 moirões, sendo 36 tratados e 18 não tratados, com 2,20 m de comprimento e umidade de 15 a 20%; 20 a 30%; 30 a 40%, e diâmetros de 8 a 10 cm; 10 a 12 cm; 12 a 14 cm. No tratamento, foram utilizados 2% de ingredientes ativos de CCA-C, vácuo inicial e final de 550 mmHg (30 min), pressão de 11 kgf cm -2 (1 h). Os moirões tiveram a umidade avaliada pelo medidor elétrico, que foi adequado para estimar a umidade destes. Obtiveram-se penetrações satisfatórias e a maior retenção foi obtida nos moirões com umidade de 15 a 20% (8,23 kg m -3 ), contudo, umidade de 30 a 40% também foi adequada ao tratamento da madeira, obtendo valores superiores a 6,5 kg m -3 .Palavras-chave: tratamento de moirões, arseniato de cobre cromatado, penetração, retenção. Influences of Diameter and Wood Moisture on Quality of the Preservative Treatment ABSTRACTWere evaluated the effects of moisture content and diametric class in industrial treatment quality of Corymbia torelliana and Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla fence posts. 108 fence posts were used, 36 treated and 18 non-treated, with 2.20m long and moisture content of 15 to 20%; 20 to 30%; and 30 to 40% and diameters of 8 to 10cm; 10 to 12cm; 12 to 14cm. For treatment, were used 2% active ingredients of CCA-C, initial and final vacuum 550 mmHg (30min), pressure of 11 kgf cm -2 (1h). The fence posts were evaluated by electric meter that was adequate to estimate the moisture. Satisfactory penetrations were obtained and the biggest retention was reached in fence posts with moisture of 15 to 20% (8.23 kg m -3 ), however, the moisture content of 30 to 40% was also suitable for the treatment of wood, getting values higher than 6.5 kg m -3 .
This technical note determines the feasibility of using an InceptionV4_ResNetV2 convolutional neural network (CNN) to correctly identify hardwood species from macroscopic images. The method is composed of a commodity smartphone fitted with a 14× macro lens for photography. The end-grains of ten different North American hardwood species were photographed to create a dataset of 1869 images. The stratified 5-fold cross-validation machine-learning method was used, in which the number of testing samples varied from 341 to 342. Data augmentation was performed on-the-fly for each training set by rotating, zooming, and flipping images. It was found that the CNN could correctly identify hardwood species based on macroscopic images of its end-grain with an adjusted accuracy of 92.60%. With the current growing of machine-learning field, this model can then be readily deployed in a mobile application for field wood identification.
-The research object was evaluating the quality of preserving treatment of Eucalyptus sp. fence posts by the sap substitution method and comparing the penetration through the traditional and photocolorimetry segmentation methods. The fence posts, 2,0 meters long and with a diameter between 8 and 12 cm, were exposed to 2, 3 and 4% concentrations of CCB based-product active ingredients for 10 days. The penetrations were analyzed using two methodologies, one by the Image Pro Plus 4.5 software, using photocolorimetry segmentation method performance, and by analyzing the product retention in four positions of the treated fence posts. The treatment submitted pieces attained low penetration and, thus, the retention values were less than the required for direct contact with the ground. On the other hand, the proposed photocolorimetry segmentation methodology was efficient and could be an alternative to determine a more precise and fast penetration.Keywords: Eucalyptus; Sap substitution; Penetration. AVALIAÇÃO DO TRATAMENTO PRESERVATIVO DE MOIRÕES POR MEIO DE DESEMPENHO DE SEGMENTAÇÃO FOTOCOLORIMÉTRICARESUMO -O objetivo da pesquisa foi avaliar a qualidade do tratamento preservativo de moirões de Eucalyptus sp. pelo método de substituição da seiva e comparar a penetração por meio dos métodos tradicionais e de segmentação fotocolorimétrica. Os moirões, com comprimento de 2,0 metros e diâmetro entre 8 e 12 cm, foram expostos às concentrações de 2; 3 e 4% de ingredientes ativos de produto a base de CCB, durante 10 dias. Foram analisadas as penetrações por duas metodologias, sendo uma pelo software Image Pro Plus 4.5, por meio de desempenho de segmentação fotocolorimétrica, e analisadas a retenção do produto em quatro posições nos moirões tratados. As peças submetidas aos tratamentos obtiveram baixa penetração, e por consequência, os valores de retenção foram inferiores do exigido para o contato direto com o solo. Por outro lado, a metodologia proposta por desempenho de segmentação fotocolorimétrica mostrou-se eficiente e, pode ser uma alternativa para determinar a penetração de forma mais precisa e ágil.Palavras-chave: Eucalipto; Substituição de seiva; Penetração.
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is increasingly used in building construction worldwide. Durability of CLT against fungal attack has yet to be fully explored. Water intrusion in mass timber can yield dimensional changes and microbial growth. This study evaluated the performance of CLT coated with various water- and solvent-based stains commercially available in the United States. Twelve coatings were tested for moisture excluding effectiveness, water repellency effectiveness, volumetric swelling, and anti-swelling efficiency. Only five coatings repelled water, limiting dimensional changes. A modified version of AWPA E10-16 (2016) was performed to evaluate decay of the coated CLT samples. Weight losses were recorded after 18 weeks’ exposure to the brown-rot decay fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum. In accelerated mold testing, coated CLT samples were grown in chambers containing spores of Aspergillus sp., Rhizopus sp., and Penicillium sp. for 29 d and assessed visually for mold growth. In both tests, coating C (transparent, water-based, alkyd/acrylic resin) performed the best among the tested coatings. Mold growth was completely prevented, and weight loss caused by G. trabeum was approximately 1.33%. Although coating C prevented decay for 18 weeks, coatings are not intended to protect against decay fungi. However, they may offer short-term protection during transport, storage, and construction.
Cross-laminated timber (CLT) market demand is on the rise in the United States. Adequate protective measures have not been extensively studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the weathering performance of exterior wood coatings. We evaluated coated CLT sample surfaces based on visual appearance, color change (CIE*L*a*b), gloss changes, and water intrusion. From the five exterior wood coatings evaluated, only two showed adequate performance after twelve months field exposure. Based on visual ratings following the ASTM procedures, coating failure occurs more quickly in Mississippi than in Wisconsin, due to its greater decay zone. Both location and coating type impacted the aging of the samples. Artificial weathering results were consistent with natural weathering indicating the two adequate coatings were the most resistant to failure, color, and gloss change. For future studies, new coatings designed for the protection of end-grain in CLT panels should be a target of research and development.
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