Objective: This study aims to demonstrate the reliability and validity of Turkish version of DSM-5 generalized anxiety disorder scale which was developed to measure the severity of generalized anxiety disorder. Method: In this study,50 in-or outpatients who met the criteria for any anxiety disorder according to DSM-5 were included. One hundred volunteers without any mental or physical disease were also recruited as the control group. Beside the study scale, State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used for concurrent validity.Internal consistency coefficient and item-total correlation analysis were performed for reliability analysis. Exploratory factor analysis was used for validity and correlation analysis with Spearman Correlation Analysis was used for concurrent validity. Results: Mean age was 28.9±12.6 years in the study group and 57.3% of the sample (n=86) were female. Disease duration for anxiety disorder was 17.4±9.5 years in the patient group. The internal consistency of the scale was 0.91. Item-total correlation coefficients were between 0.64-0.83 (p<0.0001). For the exploratory factor analysis one-factor solution was obtained with an eigenvalue of 6.89 representing 68.93% of the total variance. Factor loadings of the items were between 0.48-0.76. Coefficient of correlation analysis with STAI was calculated as r = 0.43 (p <0.0001). Discussion: With these findings, it has been shown that Turkish version of DSM-5 severity scale for generalized anxiety disorder is reliable and valid.
Purpose/Background
Emotional adverse effects due to antidepressant use may cause difficulties for the clinician in the treatment of depression. In this prospective study, the emotional adverse effects of antidepressants were evaluated in various aspects.
Methods/Procedures
Ninety eight patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder were included in the study. At 2nd, 4th, 8th, 12th, and 16th weeks, patients were assessed with Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and the antidepressant dose was increased in patients with less than a 50% reduction at each visit compared with the initial MADRS score. The Oxford Questionnaire on the Emotional Side-effects of Antidepressants (OQESA) was used at the 8th-week and 16th-week visits.
Findings/Results
A significant difference is found in the OQESA score at the 8th-week visit compared with the 16th-week assessment (P < 0.001, t = 5.73). There were significant correlations between MADRS scores and OQESA scores both at the 8th (r = 0.346, P = 0.05) and the 16th (r = 0.490, P < 0.001) weeks. In regression analyses, at eighth-week assessment, MADRS score (B = 1.487, P = 0.002) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor use (B = 14.014, P = 0.023) had a significantly predicted OQESA score.
Implications/Conclusions
In this study, it is found that, as the rate of remitted patients is increased, OQESA scores get decreased, and furthermore, the OQESA score of the remitted group is statistically low when compared with that of the nonremitted group at the 8th- and 16th-week visits. Oxford Questionnaire on the Emotional Side-effects of Antidepressants and MADRS scores are significantly correlated in all assessments. These results suggest that the score obtained from OQESA may be related not only to the emotional adverse effects of antidepressants but also to the residual symptoms of depression.
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