The authors investigated cultural differences in the way people perceive and represent temporal information. It was hypothesized that Chinese would attend to the past information more than would Canadians. In Studies 1 and 2, Canadian and Chinese participants read a description of a theft along with a list of behaviors that occurred in the past or present. Chinese participants rated behaviors that had taken place in the remote and recent past as more relevant to solving the case than did Canadians. Study 3 showed that Chinese participants recalled greater detail about past events than did Canadians. Studies 4A and 4B showed that Chinese perceived past events as being closer to the present than did Canadians, suggesting that Chinese had a greater awareness of the past. Overall, Chinese attended to a greater range of past information than did Canadians, which has significant theoretical and practical implications.
<strong>Orientation:</strong> In work and organisational psychology, the adverse effects of job demands have often been demonstrated empirically for various indicators of job strain.<p><strong>Research purpose:</strong> Using the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model as a theoretical framework, the present study examined the role of compassion satisfaction, conceptualised as a personal resource, in buffering the relationship between job demands and job strain.</p><p><strong>Motivation for the study:</strong> Accordingly, four demanding aspects of the job (i.e. role overload, insufficiency, ambiguity and conflict) and one personal resource (i.e. compassion satisfaction) were used to test the central hypothesis that the interaction between (high) job demands and (low) personal resources produces the highest levels of anxiety and depression as indicators of job strain.</p><p><strong>Research design, approach and method:</strong> Hypotheses were tested amongst 122 military chaplains.</p><p><strong>Main findings:</strong> Results showed that compassion satisfaction partially moderated the relationship between job demands and job strain. More specifically, when compassion satisfaction was high, the effect of role overload on job strain was significantly reduced. However, the relationships between the other three role stressors and job strain were not offset by compassion satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Practical/managerial implications:</strong> The theoretical and practical implications of these findings for the JD-R model are discussed.</p><p><strong>Contribution/value-add:</strong> Despite the limitations of this study, the present findings still have important implications for future research and practice. Our findings highlight the fact that the empowerment of employees’ personal resources, as outlined in the JD-R model, may not only be of value for employees to thrive, but may also be particularly beneficial in terms of compassion satisfaction being viewed as a protective factor to adverse working conditions.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article:</strong><br /> Tremblay, M.A., & Messervey, D. (2011). The Job Demands-Resources model: Further evidence for the buffering effect of personal resources. <em>SA Journal of Industrial Psychology/SA Tydskrif vir Bedryfsielkunde, 37</em>(2), Art. #876, 10 pages. doi:10.4102/sajip.v37i2.876</p>
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