PurposeThe standpoint of this research lies in the study of the CPFR process for trading partners (belonging to the same supply chain) who are willing to collaborate in exchanging sales and order forecast. This points out the need for providing a collaboration process with an intelligent tool to optimise negotiation.Design/methodology/approachA literature review and classification has been carried out concerning autonomous agents used to manage supply chain processes. To evaluate the strengths coming from an intelligent system embedded within the CPFR process, several experiments in different conditions were conducted using simulation tool.FindingsThe analysis of experimental results points out that the agent‐driven negotiation process (by comparison to CPFR without intelligent agents) benefits in terms of costs, inventory level, stock‐out level and sales.Research limitations/implicationsThe study represents a one‐to‐one scenario, in which only two trading partners collaborate. Further, research has been identified to extend the work.Practical implicationsThe study represents a first step towards the analysis of a multi‐agent system being used to automate and optimise collaboration along a supply chain.Originality/valueThe study represents a novel approach to resolving exceptions concerning sales and forecast data.
Increasing problems of air pollution caused by petrol-fueled vehicles had a positive impact on the expanded use and acceptance of the electric vehicles (EVs). Currently, both academic and institutional researchers are conducting studies to explore alternative methods of charging vehicles in a fast, reliable, and safe way that would compensate for the drawbacks of the otherwise beneficial and sustainable EVs. The wireless power transfer (WPT) systems are now offered as a possible option. Another option is the dynamic wireless charging (DWC) system, which is considered the best application of a WPT system by many practitioners and researchers because it enables vehicles to increase their driving ranges and decrease their battery sizes, which are the main problems of the EVs. A DWC system is composed of many sub-systems that require different approaches for their design and optimization. The aim of this work is to find the most functional and optimal configuration of magnetic couplers for a DWC system. This was done by performing an investigation of the main magnetic couplers adopted by the system using Ansys® Maxwell as a finite element method software. The results were analyzed in detail to identify the best option. The values of the coupling coefficients have been obtained for every configuration examined. The results disclosed that the best trade-off between performance and economic feasibility is the DD–DDQ pad, which is characterized by the best values of coupling coefficient and misalignment tolerance, without the need for two power converters for each side, as in the DDQ–DDQ configuration.
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