This is a case report of a 37-year-old woman evaluated with 18F-fludeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission computed tomography/CT with recurrent fever after treatment with itraconazole for 6 weeks for histoplasmosis. The examination demonstrated a decrease in the dimensions of the pulmonary opacities previously identified in the left lower lobe and attributed to histoplasmosis. In addition to these pulmonary opacities, increased FDG uptake was also observed in lymph nodes present in the cervical region, mediastinum, left lung hilum, and hepatic hilum. Notably, other pulmonary opacities with ground-glass pattern that were not present in the previous computed tomography were detected in the right lower lobe, with mild 18F-FDG uptake. Nasal swab performed shortly after the examination was positive for COVID-19. In this case, the 18F-FDG positron emission computed tomography/CT study demonstrated findings consistent with active COVID-19 infection coexisting with inflammatory changes associated with histoplasmosis infection.
Uma paciente 48 anos apresentou-se, assintomática, mas com achado radiológico de condensações alveolares, algumas constituindo nódulos em lobo superior direito, lobo médio e língula com predomínio perihilar. Foi considerado o diagnóstico diferencial de neoplasia, sarcoidose, doenças granulomatosas e tuberculose, entre outras doenças. O diagnóstico de bronquiolite obliterante com pneumonia em organização foi estabelecido através de videotoracoscopia e foi iniciado o tratamento com esteróides. Houve boa evolução com resolução radiológica.
A 27 year-old female patient, cocaine user, presenting hemoptysis and progressive dyspnea with onset 48 hours prior to hospital admission, without any other signs or symptoms. Serum tests for infectious diseases, collagen disorders and vasculitis were negative. Urinalysis was normal. Computed tomography of the chest showed diffuse alveolar infiltrate, affecting mainly the lower left lobe. A thoracoscopic lung biopsy was performed to clarify the diagnosis. The histopathological findings showed capillaritis and diffuse intra-alveolar hemorrhage. Treated with steroid and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy, a good clinical and radiographical response was obtained. The recently described pauci-immune pulmonary capillaritis is characterized by the presence of isolated pulmonary capillaritis and negative serum testing for auto-immune diseases
INTRODUÇÃO: A biópsia pulmonar a céu aberto é considerada o padrão ouro no diagnóstico dos infiltrados pulmonares difusos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar positividade diagnóstica, mudanças no tratamento, complicações e mortalidade de pacientes em ventilação mecânica, com infiltrado pulmonar difuso e que foram submetidos a biópsia pulmonar a céu aberto. MÉTODO: Foram revisados, retrospectivamente, os prontuários de 24 pacientes, com idades entre 26 e 89 anos, internados no centro de tratamento intensivo de dois hospitais privados, submetidos a biópsia pulmonar a céu aberto. RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se 100% de positividade diagnóstica, sendo que em 75% dos casos houve mudança na terapêutica. Cinco pacientes apresentaram complicações relacionadas ao procedimento (20,8%). Não houve óbito diretamente relacionado à biópsia. A mortalidade global foi de 45,8%. CONCLUSÃO: A biópsia pulmonar a céu aberto é um procedimento seguro e com alta positividade, que pode ser utilizado no diagnóstico de infiltrado pulmonar difuso em pacientes sob ventilação mecânica. Apesar de seu impacto na mortalidade desses pacientes ainda não estar estabelecido na literatura, suas informações relacionadas ao prognóstico também devem ser consideradas.
We report on a 57-year-old patient suffering from advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the left lung, ultimately submitted to intrapericardial left pneumonectomy with hilar and mediastinal lymphadenectomy. Imaging examination showed a left bronchopleural fistula that needed to be occluded. Due to the patient's high surgical risk, endobronchial closure with intracardiac device was performed. The ASD CERA™ device (Lifetech Schenzhen, China) was chosen. The procedure was successful and the patient was discharge from the hospital 5 days thereafter. Endobronchial closure of bronchopleural fistulas with intracardiac devices is feasible and may become an excellent option for those very ill patients.
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