Construction materials arestill exposed to corrosion. Slurry is a mixture of dung and urine. The aggressive corrosive constituents in slurry are urea, uric acid, naturally excreted chloride and as well as ammonia or ammonium salts. Corrosion tests show that the tested steel in animal slurry as a corrosive environment is characterized through a continuous corrosion process, which measure may be surface roughness. In practice roughness parameters for every of the research times can be used to determine the size of steel corrosion. Lowcarbon steel is often used as a construction material for agricultural equipment. One of the most important factors of constructional materials is corrosion resistance, first of all in demanding animal environment. Equipment with carbon steel can be easy built by welding quickly at a low price, but the bigest problem in aggressive environment is corrosion protection. The purpose of this article is to investigate corrosion resistance in different time (48, 96, 144, 192, 240, 288, 336 hours), using weight loss and profile roughness parameters of structural steel in grade S235JR in natural animal slurry at 303 K.
In the present paper, a procedure is developed for fully automatic recognition of the frontal sinus in cranial radiographs. An X-ray image of a whole skull is required at the input of the procedure, which consists of three subsequent steps: the selection of a rectangular region of interest, containing the sinus; detection of the line of brow ridges; and fronto-nasal suture, detection of the borders of the frontal sinus. The recognition algorithm is based on a method of connectivity-preserving thresholding, introduced in the present study, and on watersheds from markers. Totally, 50 X-ray images have been analyzed. The frontal sinus borders were recognized correctly in 41 cases.
Non-metallic inclusions are one of the factors that influence the fatigue strength of steel. Although steel has a relatively small number of non-metallic inclusions, those impurities have a considerable impact on the material's technological and strength parameters, in particular fatigue strength and life. The study was performed on 7 heats produced in an industrial plant. Fourteen heats were produced in 140 ton electric furnaces. The experimental variants were compared in view of the applied melting technology and heat treatment options. The results were presented to account for the correlations between the fatigue strength coefficient during rotary bending, the diameter of and spacing between submicroscopic impurities. Equations for calculating the fatigue strength coefficient at each tempering temperature and a general equation for all tempering temperatures were proposed. Equations for estimating the fatigue strength coefficient based on the relative volume of submicroscopic non-metallic inclusions were also presented. The relationship between the fatigue strength and hardness of high-grade steel vs. the quotient of the diameter of impurities and the spacing between impurities were determined. The analyzed material was one grade of medium-carbon structural steel. The proposed linear regression equations supported the determination of fatigue strength coefficient and bending fatigue strength as a function of hardness taking into account impurities. The proposed equations contributes to the existing knowledge base of practices impact of impurities with various diameters and spacing between non-metalic inclusion on fatigue strength.
Abstract. The paper presents problems of designing databases for various branches of industry. The development of information technologies and in particular of object-oriented programming has caused a change from data modelling to the modelling of applications. The increase of unstructured Big Data in Industry 4.0 era and requirements of sharing data model between many applications needs a reversion to data analysis and design and it is presented in the article.
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