Home range, activity patterns, site fidelity and habitat preference of the kelp bass Paralabrax clathratus were determined from 12 adult fish tracked using acoustic telemetry within a temperate no-take marine reserve (0.13 km 2 ). Home range sizes ranged from 33 to 11 224 m 2 , averaging 3349 ± 3328 m 2 (± SD), but did not correlate with fish size. Fish were active and occupied similar-sized activity spaces during both day and night. Kelp bass exhibited a high degree of site fidelity, remaining resident in core areas for up to 3 yr. Relative to the total amount of available habitat, kelp bass showed a habitat selection preference for rock boulder, rock rubble and kelp habitat. These habitats offer high vertical relief, shade and large holes for shelter, and may attract and facilitate prey capture. Average home range size was 3% of the area of the reserve. Only 1 of 12 tracked fish crossed the reserve boundary, but this accounted for less than 5% of the fish's time. Natural habitat breaks along the reserve boundary may have further limited adult kelp bass movements. The small home ranges and high site fidelity of kelp bass in this reserve indicate that the reserve is effective in protecting the resident adult stock.

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The California sheephead Semicossyphus pulcher Ayres (Labridae) is a temperate, rocky-reef/kelp-bed fish that is sought by recreational and commercial fishermen. Long-term acoustic monitoring was used to ascertain site fidelity and seasonal movement patterns of S. pulcher. We implanted 16 adult (24 to 36 cm standard length) fish with long-term (~1 yr) acoustic transmitters and their presence and movement patterns were monitored in the Catalina Marine Science Center Marine Life Reserve using an acoustic receiver array. A method was developed that explained some of the variability in detection frequencies. A negative relationship between detection frequency and activity (rate of movement) was found for S. pulcher moving within the array. Most fish exhibited high site fidelity to the general area of the reserve, with 13 of the 16 fish detected spending an average of 99 ± 2% of their total days at liberty in the study area, with a mean of 90 ± 9% of total residence time spent within a 600 m core area. However, these fish showed some variability in area use between months, exhibiting periods of expansion in their range. Fish also tended to increase activity as seasonal water temperature increased. These expanded movements resulted in some fish crossing the reserve boundary for extended periods or leaving the reserve permanently.

Residence time, site fidelity and movements for red snapper Lutjanus campechanus (Lutjanidae) were estimated from long-term telemetry monitoring (December 2005 to June 2010) at 6 sites (1 natural and 5 artificial reefs) in the northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Each site consisted of an array of 5 receivers, with 1 at the center reef site and 4 receivers placed 1100 m north, south, east and west of center (2 km radius detection area). Throughout the study, a stationary control transmitter was located 400 m south of the center receiver at each site to estimate changes in detection rates from environmental factors. These receiver arrays enabled fishery independent estimations of fishing mortality, natural mortality and emigration. Event analysis was used to estimate site fidelity and residence, based on right-censoring fishing and natural mortality. Median residence time was 542 d, ranging from 1 to 1099 d, with 72% of fish staying at least 1 yr at the site. Some fish (n = 12) showed seasonal and directed movements to other sites (up to 8 km away) and returned to original sites up to 7 mo later. Diel movements away from the structure tended to occur at night. Site fidelity and residence times of red snapper in the present study were greater than in any previous study and show the importance of artificial reefs for this species. KEY WORDS: Site fidelity · Acoustic telemetry · Seasonal movements · Red snapper · Artificial reefs Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 437: [183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195][196][197][198][199][200] 2011 residence times and movement patterns around natural and artificial structures.The residency of red snapper Lutjanus campechanus on natural and artificial structures has been examined by several methods, with varying results. Early studies examined the distribution of red snapper catches relative to habitat type, depth and season (Camber 1955, Moseley 1966, Bradley & Bryan 1975, and more recent studies have used mark-recapture (Beaumariage 1969, Fable 1980, Szedlmayer & Shipp 1994, Watterson et al. 1998, Patterson et al. 2001, Patterson & Cowan 2003, Diamond et al. 2007, Strelcheck et al. 2007) and ultrasonic telemetry (Szedlmayer 1997, Peabody 2004, Szedlmayer & Schroepfer 2005, Schroepfer & Szedlmayer 2006 to estimate site fidelity and movements. For the most part, these studies indicate red snapper show some affinity to both natural and artificial structures, but estimates of site fidelity and residence times seem to vary by methods (mark-recapture vs. telemetry), habitat type (e.g. small artificial reefs, oil-gas platforms and natural reefs), hurricanes, transmitter detection range, fish size and study length (Diamond et al. 2007, Gallaway et al. 2009).Recent mark-recapture studies of relatively small red snapper (mean: < 400 mm TL) off Alabama obtained different results even with similar methods (Patterson & Cowan 2003, Strelcheck et al. 2007. Patterson & Cowan (2003) estimated site fid...

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