Digenea of Hoplias intermedius and Odhner, 1902, and Pseudosellacotyla lutzi (Freitas, 1941) Yamaguti, 1953. The prevalence of the metacercariae was higher than that of the adult digeneans of erythrinids from the upper São Francisco River as a result of piscivorous feeding habits of these adult erythrinids. The presence of metacercariae and adult digeneans indicate that they act as intermediate and definitive hosts, respectively, in their biological cycles. Hoplias intermedius is a new host for the four species of Digenea, and the São Francisco River basin is a new location for the known geographical distributions of P. spatula and P. lutzi.
The endoparasite fauna of Astyanax fasciatus from the upper São Francisco river was investigated and ecological parameters and morphological and morphometric data on the parasites are presented. A total of 74 specimens of banded astyanax were collected downstream from the Três Marias dam, municipality of Três Marias, Minas Gerais (18°12'32"S, 45°15'41"W) in January 2011 and January 2012. Eleven taxa of Nematoda were found: Contracaecum sp.; Hysterothylacium sp.; Goezia sp.; Brevimulticaecum sp.; Procamallanus sp.; Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) saofranciscencis; Cystidicoloides sp.; Spinitectus rodolphiheringi; Rhabdochona sp.; Spiroxys sp.; and Eustrongylides sp.. The fauna of A. fasciatus consisted of by larval specimens of Contracaecum sp., Hysterothylacium sp., Brevimulticaecum sp., Cystidicoloides sp., and Spiroxys sp., and by adult specimens of P. saofranciscencis, whose prevalence was greater than 10%. Thus, this fish acts as an intermediate host of some species of larval nematodes especially, Anisakidae and Acanthocheilidae (Brevimulticaecum sp., new host record and new locality). It participates in transmitting species such Rhabdochona sp. to carnivorous fish and also acts as a definitive host for P. saofranciscencis and S. rodolphiheringi in the upper São Francisco river.
Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) acuminata (Molin, 1860) (Rhabdochonidae) parasita o intestino de várias espécies de peixes e apresenta uma ampla distribuição geográfica. O presente estudo registra pela primeira vez a ocorrência de espécimes adultos deste helminto em Acestrorhynchus britskii Menezes, 1969 e Acestrorhynchus lacustris Lütken, 1875 (Acestrorhynchidae), coletados no Reservatório de Três Marias, Alto Rio São Francisco, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Nesta mesma localidade, larvas de Rhabdochona sp. foram encontradas em peixes forrageiros simpátricos, Tetragonopterus chalceus Spix & Agassiz, 1829 e Triportheus guentheri (Garman, 1890) potenciais presas dos acestrorhynchídeos piscívoros e relacionadas como possíveis hospedeiros intermediários ou paratênicos dessa espécie de parasito. Os índices parasitários de R. acuminata não foram influenciados pelo sexo e nem pelo comprimento total desses hospedeiros piscívoros.
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