The presence of the endotracheal tube permits microbial colonization, overall contributing to the development of biofilm and the occurrence of pneumonia.

In a retrospective study about the epidemiology of exposure to bloodborne pathogens among health care providers, 71.10% of the analyzed events occurred among health professionals, mainly auxiliary nurses. Percutaneous exposure (83.04%) was the most frequent. Greater advances are necessary in the development of public policies for this issue in terms of inspection of regulatory norms and raising the professionals' awareness through policy and education.

Infections caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (MNT) represent an epidemiological and health emergency, especially in patients undergoing invasive procedures. Based on these, we aimed to analyze the scientific evidence, the scientific literature, on the occurrence in Brazil of MNT infections in surgical patients. We used as a research method integrative review of the literature using the databases Lilacs, Medline/Pubmed, ISI Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. We selected 15 publications on this theme from the last 30 years that were directed at methods of prevention and control, with a focus on post-discharge surveillance, the use of antibiotics and glutaraldehyde. Eye surgery, cosmetic, heart, laparoscopic and arthroscopic procedures were the most commonly investigated. The national situation of MNTs is concerning, especially when one recognizes the possibility of underreporting. Keywords: Mycobacteria, atypical; Surgical procedures operative; Mycobacterium infections atypical RESUMOInfecções por micobactéria não tuberculosa (MNT) representam uma emergência epidemiológica e sanitária, especialmente, em pacientes submetidos a procedimentos invasivos. Frente ao exposto, objetivou-se analisar as evidências científicas, na literatura científica, sobre a ocorrência no Brasil de infecções por MNT em pacientes cirúrgicos. Utilizou-se como método de pesquisa a revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline/Pubmed, ISI Web of Science e Biblioteca Cochrane. Foram selecionadas 15 publicações sobre a temática nos últimos 30 anos que estavam direcionadas às medidas de prevenção e controle com foco na vigilância pós-alta, no uso de antibioticoterapia e glutaraldeído. Cirurgias oftalmológicas, estéticas, cardíacas e procedimentos laparoscópicos e artroscópicos foram as mais investigadas. A situação nacional das MNTs é preocupante, ainda mais quando se reconhece a possibilidade de subnotificação. Descritores: Micobactérias atípicas; Procedimentos cirúrgicos operatórios; Infecções atípicas por Mycobacterium RESUMENLas infecciones por micobacteria no tuberculosa (MNT) representan una emergencia epidemiológica y sanitaria, especialmente, en pacientes sometidos a procedimientos invasivos. Frente a lo expuesto, se tuvo como objetivo analizar las evidencias científicas, en la literatura científica, sobre la ocurrencia en el Brasil de infecciones por MNT en pacientes quirúrgicos. Se utilizó como método de investigación la revisión integrativa de la literatura en las bases de datos Lilacs, Medline/Pubmed, ISI Web of Science y Biblioteca Cochrane. Se seleccionaron 15 publicaciones sobre la temática en los últimos 30 años que estaban orientadas a las medidas de prevención y control con foco en la vigilancia post alta, en el uso de antibioticoterapia y glutaraldehido. Cirugías oftalmológicas, estéticas, cardíacas y procedimientos laparoscópicos y artroscópicos fueron las más investigadas. La situación nacional de las MNTs es preocupante, aun más cuando se reconoce la posibilidad de subnotificación.

Objective: to identify the main biosafety measures for preventing COVID-19 in healthcare professionals. Methods: this is an integrative literature review, with studies published between January and July 2020, on the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS, SciELo, Wiley Online Library, Cochrane CINAHL databases. The selection of studies followed the PRISMA recommendations. Results: among the 2,208 publications identified, 12 studies comprised the sample, which enabled the analysis in four thematic categories: The importance of using recommendations about the use of personal protective equipment; The restructuring of new operational and clinical routines and flows in the practice of services; Monitoring professionals, especially testing; Conducting training. Conclusions: the phenomena involved are innumerable, covering operational management and the training of teams to deal with highly infectious pathogens and disease outbreaks.