ObjectiveTo evaluate the knowledge on bruxism among parents/caregivers of children treated at the pediatric dentistry clinic. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with 103 parents/caregivers that filled out a questionnaire based on the criteria of the American Association of Sleep Medicine during the dental care offered to their children. The questionnaire addressed demographic issues of the child and caregiver, issues related to child's sleep characteristics (duration, quality and whether he/she sleeps alone) and questions about bruxism (knowledge of the parafunctional habit, bruxism in the caregiver and the child, search for treatment, causes and consequences of bruxism, and whether the caregivers wanted more information on the subject). Pearson's χ2 test and Fisher's exact test were performed (α = 5%). ResultsSixty-seven percent reported knowing what bruxism is and 52.4% correctly described the parafunctional habit. Regarding the cause, 74.8% were unable to say and 16.5% associated the habit to an emotional factor. The prevalence of bruxism was 25.2% and 16.5% in the children and caregivers, respectively. Among the caregivers of children with bruxism, only 2.9% had sought some type of help. Child's sex, child's sleep and the search for help were significantly associated with bruxism (p = 0.034, 0.013 and < 0.001, respectively). ConclusionThe knowledge among caregivers about bruxism is still insufficient, especially with regard to the etiology of the parafunctional habit. The lack of knowledge impedes caregivers from seeking help, and thus contributes to the worsening consequences of bruxism in adulthood.
The study aimed to: (1) describe the work process in Brazil's oral health teams, based on the essential attributes of primary health care, according to geographic region, type of team, and the municipality's socioeconomic characteristics and (2) verify whether the data in the work process of the oral health teams in the Brazilian National Program to Improve Access and Quality in primary health (PMAQ-AB) were capable of measuring such attributes. This was a nationwide ecological study with data from cycle I of PMAQ-AB. The study included descriptive, exploratory factor, and confirmatory factor analyses (α = 5%). Constructs were analyzed in light of the essential attributes of primary health care (first contact, coordination of care, comprehensiveness, and continuity). The first three constructs and a fourth factor were formed, called dental prosthesis actions. However, the continuity attribute was not formed. The models' goodness-of-fit measures were satisfactory. Factor loads were greater than 0.5, except for the two variables in factor 3. The actions most frequently performed by the oral health teams (> 60%) were in first contact, and the least frequent were those in comprehensiveness, highlighting referrals to specialties (7.6%). There were differences in the work process in oral health teams between regions of the country, type of team, and certification strata (p < 0.05). In conclusion, data on the work process in oral health teams from cycle primary health care in the services' work routine. Further research is recommended on continuity of care. In addition, the oral health teams participating in cycle I of PMAQ-AB should make further progress in actions related to comprehensiveness and coordination of care.
Background Sleep bruxism (SB) is a masticatory muscle activity that affects children. Parents’ knowledge is important for its identification and report to dentists. Aim To investigate parents’ knowledge about SB among their children. Design A cross‐sectional study included 1325 parents of children from dental clinics of seven institutions from all regions of Brazil. Parents answered questions about child's sleep, knowledge about SB and its occurrence among children and parents. SB definition given by parents was dichotomized as “correct”/“incorrect”, based on the American Academy of Sleep Medicine definition. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed (P < 0.05). Results Most parents (57.3%) did not know what SB is and 88.9% would like to receive more information. SB prevalence among parents was 15.4% and 24.0% among children. Between parents who correctly defined SB, its prevalence increased to 27.5% among parents and 40.6% among children. Parents whose children had/have SB, who would like to receive more information about SB and were from the North, Central‐West, Southeast, and South regions were more likely to define SB correctly (P > 0.05). Conclusion There is a lack of knowledge of parents about SB. SB among children, parents’ interest in receiving more information and their location were factors associated to their knowledge.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of bruxism in children and its association with clinical and sleep characteristics. Methods: The study sample composed of 239 children aged 7 to 10 years enrolled in a public and a private school in the city of São Luís (MA). Bruxism was investigated based on parental reports of teeth grinding at night, sleep quality, and both intraoral and extraoral clinical aspects related to the condition. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, Pearson’s chi-squared (c2) test, the linear trend c2 test, and Fisher’s exact test with a 5% significance level. Results: The prevalence of bruxism was 19.7%. Among the children with bruxism, 17% had poor sleep quality, 44.1% slept up to nine hours per night, 82.2% had daytime sleepiness, and 17.9% felt tiredness or pain in the facial muscles upon waking. Conclusions: Based on the present findings, the prevalence of sleep bruxism was significant. No significant associations were observed with the factors investigated, although daytime sleepiness was found to be the most prevalent characteristic of bruxism.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic ability of dental undergraduate students to detect horizontal and oblique root fractures (ORFs) using different imaging techniques. Materials and methods: Nine teeth were selected and randomly divided in three groups in order to create a fracture line without fragments separation: control (without fracture), horizontal root fracture (HRF), and ORF. The root fracture was created using perpendicular force and was confirmed by transillumination. A model with two adjacent teeth was created, and different imaging techniques were performed: conventional periapical radiograph; mesially and distally shifted periapical radiographs; cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT). Twenty students that had participation on dental trauma clinic at the year of 2019 were invited to identify root fractures by a five-point scale: (i) fracture definitely not present, (ii) fracture probably not present, (iii) uncertain whether fracture is present or not, (iv) fracture probably present, and (v) fracture definitely present. Data were analyzed by Kappa test for agreement evaluation. Results:Comparing each student to the gold standard, there was a variation in reproducibility and performance from poor to substantial (0.042-0.667). Reproducibility values ranged from poor to good for all periapical radiographs both in the diagnosis of ORF (−0.33-0.667) and in HRF (0-1). Conclusions: In CBCT images, the students' ability was lower in HRF detection in comparison with the oblique ones. The students showed limited capacity to diagnose root fractures; however when CBCT was used, the performance was more satisfactory than when periapical radiographs were used.
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