IntroductionChinese family planning policy is unique. There is limited sex education and the state is highly influential. This has resulted in extremely wide coverage of contraception with long-acting methods being favoured. The Chinese constitute a large proportion of asylum applicants to the UK. This study examines how their experiences and decisions about family planning in the UK are shaped by their cultural background.MethodsData were drawn from 10 semi-structured qualitative interviews with female Chinese asylum seekers recruited through a family planning clinic in the UK.ResultsThe increased autonomy provided by the UK system was appreciated by the participants. Choice of contraceptive method was influenced by traditional cultural beliefs and values, and the effect of hormonal contraception on menstruation was particularly concerning. Women arrived from China with little knowledge of contraception. Friends from a similar background were the most trusted source of advice. When transitioning from China to the UK unwanted pregnancies had occurred amongst unmarried women who had missed out on sex education while living in China.ConclusionsChinese societal and cultural practices continue to influence family planning decisions made within the UK. Culturally competent health strategies are needed to ensure Chinese immigrant women fully benefit from family planning within the UK.
Background
Approximately 30% of nonsurgically treated patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma will suffer recurrence, and many will be clinically N0; the indication for elective neck dissection (END) remains uncertain. We aimed to determine whether END is indicated during salvage laryngectomy.
Methods
Systematic review and meta‐analysis.
Results
A total of 1141 patients were identified from 17 studies. Occult nodal positivity was 13.7% (106/775) confidence interval (CI) 11.3%‐16.1%; higher in supraglottic than glottic disease (17.8%, CI 10.3%‐25.3% vs 12%, CI 7.1%‐16.9%, P = .18). No significant difference existed between END vs observation in 5‐year disease free survival (odds ratio [OR] = 0.76, CI = 0.49‐1.17, P = .21, I2 = 10%) and overall survival (OS; OR = 0.96, CI = 0.65‐1.41, P = .82, I2 = 54%).
Conclusions
No significant survival advantage was found for END vs observation. Individual studies trended towards improved survival with END in supraglottic and locally advanced tumors. These factors should be considered when deciding on END in salvage laryngectomy.
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