The fluxgate magnetometer has long been the standard instrument of magnetic observatories due to its ease of use and sensitivity in the nanotesla range. Recently more sensitive magnetic sensors have become a requirement to study in particular the interaction between earthquakes and the ionosphere. The Superconducting QUantum Interference Device (SQUID) is capable of detecting magnetic flux in the femtotesla range and is well suited for detecting these interactions. Traditionally however, these devices have not been used to study the ionosphere due to shielding requirements. The Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit (LSBB) in France employs a low critical temperature (Low-Tc) SQUID for geomagnetic research, but it is placed in a unique low noise environment, 500 meters underground, that makes it impractical for other observatories to replicate. In this work, we implemented a completely unshielded high-Tc SQUID system at a magnetic observatory to complement fluxgate measurements. Here we discuss the implementation of the 3-axis SQUID magnetometer from an engineering perspective, including hut and rig design, placement, data acquisition, noise measurements, and possible future developments.
Capabilities for calibrations of angular deviations evaluated in a 2.5-meter, triaxial Helmholtz at SANSA Space Science in Hermanus, South Africa. calibration procedure were compared with direct measurements on a non expanded uncertainty of angular deviation orthogonality is possible when doing a numerical re approach for obtaining body-to-sensor angular cal possibly increasing their accuracy and repeatability Index Terms-Magnetic instruments, magnetometer calibrations,
Abstract. The Hermanus Magnetic Observatory (HMO) is an Earth and Space national research facility in Southern Africa. It forms part of a worldwide network of observatories and data centres and is also the space weather Regional Warning Centre (RWC) for Africa under the International Space Environment Service (ISES). In this context, the HMO conducts research, makes observations and models the variations of the Earth and space environments using a wide network of instruments that are spread around the Southern African region and extending as far south as Antarctica. In addition, the HMO offers technological services to the public and commercial clients in the defense, aerospace and maritime industries. The HMO also runs a Science Outreach program for the advancement of science amongst learners, educators and the general public.
Abstract. SQUID magnetometers for geomagnetic research can only be used optimally if they are moved away from man-made interference. This leads to several problems related to infrastructure. This article briefly discusses current research involving issues with site selection, liquid nitrogen monitoring and transfer, and the use of Helmholtz coils for zerofield cooling and orientation.
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