This study aimed to determine the participation frequency and competitive performance of Campolina and Mangalarga Marchador horses in national shows concerning marcha type, sex, and age. To that end, the trial results of national horse shows between 2007 and 2017, comprising 1,781 Campolina and 5,239 Mangalarga Marchador animals, were extracted from the databases of the breeders' associations of each breed. The results regarding participation frequency in these events and the performance achieved by horses were grouped by breed, marcha type, sex, and age group and then subjected to frequency distribution tests. In both breeds, most animals attended only one national show. However, when the specimens were separated by marcha type, sex, and age, it was observed that 54.39% of marcha batida Campolina males competed twice, with greater participation of adult horses (41.41%) than of young ones (22.22%). For Mangalarga Marchador, irrespective of gait type, the proportion of adult horses (67.22%) that competed was higher than that of young ones (25.63%). For marcha picada competitors, the proportion between young (13.97%) and adult (81.91%) was even higher. It was concluded that, over their competitive careers, most horses of either breed attended only one national show, that marcha picada animals usually compete only when adults, and that marcha batida females compete more often when young. In addition, the age group in which competitors achieve their best performances varies according to the specimen.
This study aimed to determine the frequency of biometric alterations in thoracic limbs of vaquejada horses. A sample of 1,270 horses of either sex and different age groups competing in vaquejada as either puxador (leading) or esteira (trailing) roles were used. Measurements were made of body length, thoracic circumference, and circumferences of the forearm, knee, cannon, fetlock, and pastern of the right- and left-side thoracic limbs. Asymmetry in the five regions of thoracic limbs was also determined by calculating the difference between the right- and left-side circumferences of each region. Physical examination was conducted in 598 horses by palpating the knee, cannon, fetlock, and pastern to identify possible orthopedic alterations. The results of the differences between the circumferences of thoracic limbs of either side were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis test and the prevalence of orthopedic alterations was compared by frequency distribution test. Asymmetry was observed between the right- and left-side thoracic limbs in 99.3% of horses, especially in the forearm. Of the 598 horses examined via palpation, 481 individuals (80.4%) exhibited orthopedic alterations in at least one of the four regions examined, with the highest prevalence of alterations in the cannon and fetlock. In addition, the proportions of individuals with orthopedic alterations increased linearly with age, while higher values in the conformation and dactyl-thoracic indices also resulted in higher prevalence of alterations. It was concluded that the frequency of biometric alterations in thoracic limbs of vaquejada horses is high.
The present study used mobile bags to estimate horse nutrient digestibility of tropical grasses found in semi-arid areas of the Brazilian Northeast region. Five female mixed-breed horses with a mean weight of 400±23 kg were assigned to a 5×5 Latin square design with five periods of seven days and five grasses: Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon spp.), sixweeks threeawn (Aristida adscensionis Linn.), Alexandergrass (Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc), capim-de-raiz (Chloris orthonoton Doell), and Sabi grass (Urochloa mosambicensis). The nutrient content of forages was determined prior to inoculation in horses and after recovery of mobile bags from feces. The digestibility coefficients were determined from the difference between the inoculated and recovered material. The dry matter, organic matter, mineral matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber contents of the grass species were analyzed. Digestibility data were subjected to analysis of variance using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS, version 9.0) software. Higher dry matter digestibility coefficients were observed in Tifton 85 (74.61%), Alexandergrass (74.30%), and capim-de-raiz (68.88%) than in sixweeks threeawn (48.40%) and Sabi grass (52.89%). The highest crude protein digestibility coefficients were found for Alexandergrass (95.70%), Tifton 85 (93.50%), and sixweeks threeawn (93.35%). Sixweeks threeawn had lower apparent mineral matter digestibility than the other grasses. The digestibility coefficients of Alexandergrass and capim-de-raiz indicate that those grasses have potential to be used in equine feed.
Objetivou-se comparar o conforto térmico proporcionado por três diferentes tipos de instalações para equinos criados no Sertão Pernambucano. Foram utilizados 18 equinos adultos, distribuídos aleatoriamente em três tipos de baias ou cercados. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso em esquema de parcelas subsubdivididas, sendo as parcelas compostas por três instalações (baias de alvenaria, cercados sombreados por árvores, cercados cobertos com telhado de fibrocimento). As subparcelas foram constituídas por nove semanas de monitoramento e as subsubparcelas formadas pelos três dias de avaliação em cada semana. As variáveis ambientais utilizadas foram temperatura ambiente, umidade relativa do ar e índice de temperatura e umidade (ITU); e como variáveis fisiológicas as frequências cardíaca e respiratória, temperatura retal e taxa de sudorese dos equinos. Nas três semanas em que se registrou as maiores temperaturas ambiente, em duas delas as temperaturas foram menores nos cercados sombreados por árvores. Já nas quatro semanas em que o ITU variou entre as instalações, os valores calculados para os cercados sombreados por árvores foram inferiores aos obtidos para as baias de alvenaria. Além disso, em seis das nove semanas de monitoramento os valores da frequência cardíaca dos equinos alojados nos cercados foram inferiores aos dos animais mantidos nas baias de alvenaria. Durante as nove semanas de monitoramento os equinos alojados nos cercados sombreados por árvores apresentaram menores temperaturas retais que os animais mantidos nas baias de alvenaria. Concluiu-se que os cercados sombreados por árvores promovem maior conforto térmico e, consequentemente, bem-estar aos equinos criados no sertão pernambucano.
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