Efforts to improve the bone-implant interface to accelerate and improve the quality of osseointegration have generally focused on chemically improving the interface by incorporating inorganic phases on or into the titanium oxide layer or physically improving it by increasing the level of roughness. However, some types of rough-surfaced implants, such as those coated with hydroxyapatite (HA), may result in a higher incidence of complications. Once peri-implantitis occurs, the factors promoting bone integration can turn into risk factors, exacerbating inflammation around the implant fixture. Thus, it is extremely important to study approaches for accelerating bone formation around the machined surface dental implants. Peri-implant bone formation may be enhanced by systemic approaches, such as the use of osteoporosis supplements, to promote bone metabolism. The present study aimed to investigate if peri-implant bone mineral density (BMD) was improved after oral synthetic bone mineral (SBM) intake, which facilitates improved secondary stability of the machined surface dental implants and shortens the healing period. Twenty-four 7-week-old female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to receive a standardized diet with or without SBM (diet with SBM group and diet without SBM group, respectively; n = 12 for both). The rats underwent implant surgery at 9 weeks of age under general anesthesia. The main outcome measures BMD, pull-out strength, real-time PCR and Fluorescence microscopy observations of the implant from the femur were compared at 2 and 4 weeks after implantation using the Mann-Whitney U test. At 2 and 4 weeks after implantation, BMD, pull-out strength, real-time PCR and fluorescence microscopy observations were both significantly greater in the diet with SBM group than in the diet without SBM group. This study demonstrated that SBM could be effective in accelerating peri-implant bone formation for machined surface implants during the healing period after implantation.

Bone healing is one of the essential processes in the clinical field. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a treatment method for reconstructing neobone tissue by using a barrier membrane to prevent the ingrowth of fibrous tissues and protect against subsequent osteoconduction (1, 2). To ensure clinical success, the barrier membrane must be biocompatible, flexible, and mechanically strong (3). Various materials have been used to fabricate GBR membranes, which are generally classified as nonabsorbable or absorbable. Nonabsorbable membranes exhibit excellent spacemaintaining ability but are used only for specific indications because a second surgery is required to remove them, and there is a risk of infection caused by a high rate of membrane exposure. Absorbable membranes are increasingly used in clinical practice, as many of their limitations have been addressed. These include their low spacemaintaining ability via weak mechanical properties and their rapid Correspondence to：

Visualizing mandibular movement is essential for evaluating the treatment outcomes before and after prosthodontic intervention. It is also critical for predicting prognosis before treatment (1) (2). A threedimensional (3D) mandibular movement device is ideal for tracking condylar movement and incisal inclination. In general, the 3D device tracks mandibular movement using magnetometry (mandibular kinesiograph) and optoelectronic systems (sirognathograph) (3) (4). These devices can measure the mandibular movements during mastication using cameras that track the spatial position of the lightemitting diodes (5). The Gnatho-Hexagraph III (GH) (GC Corporation, Tokyo Japan) is also a 3D device. However, these devices are generally expensive, complicated for use in daily clinical practice, and are therefore, often irrelevant in the clinical setting (6). However, a simple and reliable device for measuring mandibular movement may be suitable as a clinical screening tool. In general, "screening" is the presumptive identification of unrecognized disease or defect with tests, examinations, or other procedures. A screening test identifies the individuals at risk of having a particular condition, so that they can be referred to a specialist (7) .

In this study, to observe the influence of Additive Formula Diet (AFD) ingestion in ovariectomized rats (OVX), OVX were fed a normal mineral diet (NMD) or AFD, and structures of the outer and inner regions of the cross-section of the central region of the femoral diaphysis and changes in crystalline bone quality were investigated by polarized light microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. For experimental animals, 8 rats ovariectomized at 20 weeks old were used. OVX were divided into 2 groups: NMD-fed ONMD group and AFD-fed OAFD group, and the femur was excised 24 weeks after intervention. On polarized light microscopy, the external basic lamella was thicker in the OAFD than ONMD group, showing higher-order colors. On Raman spectroscopy, the degree of calcification and crystallinity in the inner region tended to slightly higher in the OAFD than ONMD group, although crystallinity tended to slightly lower. Ingestion of AFD may have improved bone metabolism throughout the body, and improvement of the femoral mineral levels and collagen cross linkages may have more markedly improved bone quality compared with that by NMD ingestion, suggesting its usefulness for treatment of osteoporosis, bone healing after tooth extraction, and early bone formation after implant placement.

Osteoporosis is a major problem in the elderly population worldwide. Low calcium intake and vitamin D blood level are risk factors for osteoporosis, and improving their intake is effective in patients with micronutrients deficiency. However, the effect of these interventions is ambiguous. Additive formula diet (AFD) contains fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), isoflavone (ISO) and 1.0% citric acid Ca as a supplement for patients with osteoporosis. We aimed to investigate the effect of AFD on bone structure of the femur in ovariectomized rats. Sixteen 20-week old ovariectomized rats were randomly distributed into 2 groups; one group was fed normal diet (N, n = 8) and the second group was fed AFD (A, n = 8). Both groups were fed for 24 weeks, and body weight was measured at 8 and 24 weeks. After measuring the weight at 24 weeks, rats were euthanized using carbon dioxide. Lateral femur bone was extracted, and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured via micro computed tomography. Non-decalcified ground sections of the femur were examined via polarized-light microscopy. At 24 weeks, BMD and BMC were significantly higher for the A group than in the N group. The A group showed significantly better structural values with respect to Tb.Th, Tb.N, Tb.sp, Tb.spac and SMI than the N group. The A group showed significantly denser trabecular observations than the N group. Examination of the non-decalcified ground section from the A group showed strong polarized light properties of orange compared with sections from the N group. AFD may improve bone turnover in osteoporosis with the expectant decrease in the incidence of falls and bone fractures, which may enhance the quality of life of the elderly.