Latar belakang. Pemberian ASI tidak eksklusif dapat menyebabkan risiko kesehatan pada bayi, yaitu penyimpangan perkembangan motorik, serta kejadian diare. Gerakan 1000 HPK, ditujukan untuk mencegah malnutrisi dari awal kehamilan sampai anak usia 2 tahun. Tujuan. Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis hubungan pemberian ASI ekslusif, status gizi, dan kejadian diare dengan perkembangan motorik pada 1000 HPK.Metode. Subjek penelitian adalah ibu yang memiliki anak baduta (>6-24) bulan. Variabel dependen adalah perkembangan motorik, sedangkan independen adalah ASI eksklusif, status gizi, dan kejadian diare. Metode penelitian adalah observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Jumlah subjek 138 baduta, usia >6-24 bulan dipilih secara porposive sampling. Data ASI eksklusif didapat dari buku KIA/KMS, status gizi dengan pengukuran antropometri, kejadian diare didapat berdasarkan wawancara langsung, dan data perkembangan motorik dengan kuesioner KPSP, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi square dan Regresi Logistik.Hasil. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pemberian ASI eksklusif selama periode 1000 HPK dengan perkembangan motorik baduta (>6-24) bulan (OR=0,45;IK95%=0,21-0,99;p=0.046). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara status gizi selama periode 1000 HPK dengan perkembangan motorik baduta (>6-24) bulan. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara kejadian diare selama periode 1000 HPK dengan perkembangan motorik baduta(>6-24) bulan. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa baduta (>6-24) bulan yang tidak diberi ASI eksklusif selama periode 1000 HPK, berisiko 0,45 kali mengalami gangguan perkembangan motorik.Kesimpulan. Pemberian ASI eksklusif kepada baduta (>6-24) bulan selama periode 1000 HPK, memengaruhi perkembangan motorik.
Stunting and other forms of malnutrition are the principal factors causing child death, disease, and disability. Stunting in infants is a failure to grow because of a history of insufficient nutrition for a long time. Toddlers will be said to experience stunting permanently and are difficult to repair when they reach the age of 2 years, so the stunting management is directed to the golden period (0-24 months). This research finds out the relationship between Early Breastfeeding Initiation and Food Intake and the incidence of Stunting. Analytical observational research method with cross-sectional design. The population of this research is all children under five after 6-59 months near Kelantan Siantan, Pontianak City. The number of samples in this study amounted to 94 people using a purposive sampling technique. The results showed that there was a significant relationship (p <0.05) between IMD and the incidence of stunting. Toddlers who get IMD at birth have a 0.3 times chance of not getting stunted compared to those who did not get IMD (OR = 0.323 CI95% = 0.124 to 0.842). There was a significant relationship (p <0.05) between food intake and the incidence of stunting, toddlers who were given good food intake were 0.3 times less likely to experience stunting compared to those who received inadequate food intake (deficits).
Gangguan dalam proses pembentukan otak dapat memiliki konsekuensi jangka panjang pada kapasitas struktural dan fungsional otak yang berperan dalam perkembangan beberapa domain termasuk kapasitas kognitif, bahasa dan motorik sensorik seorang balita. Menurut Masten dalam Kattula (2014), faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi kognitif dan pertumbuhan fisik yaitu faktor biologis, yang terdiri dari gizi ibu selama kehamilan, usia kehamilan, berat badan lahir, lamanya menyusui, kekurangan gizi pada anak, adanya infeksi pada masa kanak-kanak. Gangguan perkembangan motorik pada balita dapat diperparah jika bayi lahir dengan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR), serta saat lahir tidak mendapatkan Air Susu Ibu (ASI) yang dimulai dengan kegiatan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD). Menurut UNICEF dalam Damanik (2016) lebih dari 20 juta bayi (sekitar 15% secara global) lahir dengan BBLR. Adanya interaksi antara ibu, dan anak serta kandungan nilai gizi ASI paling diperlukan dalam proses perkembangan sistem syaraf di otak. Menurut Tasnim (2014), menyusui dapat memberikan dampak positif pada perkembangan kognitif bayi, memiliki Intelligence Quotient (IQ) tinggi dibandingkan bayi yang tidak memperoleh ASI. Investasi dalam pencegahan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR), Stunting, dan meningkatkan Inisiasi Menyusu Dini (IMD) dan ASI Eksklusif berkontribusi dalam menurunkan risiko gangguan penyakit. Pasokan nutrisi yang memadai, pencegahan infeksi, dan kesempatan untuk interaksi sosial, bermain dan stimulasi merupakan beberapa faktor yang berkontribusi positif terhadap pencapaian potensi penuh balita untuk tumbuh dan berkembang . Berdasarkan hal itu, penulis tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian mengenai ada tidaknya hubungan antara hubungan Berat Badan Lahir (BBLR) dan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD) dengan perkembangan motorik pada 1000 hari pertama kehidupan
Chronic malnutrition experienced from childhood is the cause of stunting which is determined based on indicators of nutritional status of height according to age (TB/U). One of the factors causing stunting is the length of the child's birth body, and the father's level of education. This study sought to ascertain the association between father education and birth length and the prevalence of stunting in toddlers between the ages of 24-59 months. In the form of a cross sectional, this study used an analytical observational design. This study was conducted at five health centers in North Pontianak, namely Siantan Hilir Health Center, Siantan Hulu Health Center, Middle Siantan, Khatulistiwa Health Center and Telaga Biru Health Center with a sample of 384 toddlers aged 7-59 months who were selected by purposive sampling. Data on height measurement and determination of nutritional status were measured using a microtois device, while data on father's education and birth length were taken by conducting direct interviews with the respondent's mother using a questionnaire. Data on height and nutritional status of TB/U were analyzed descriptively, while to see the relationship between variables, chi-square analysis was used. Toddlers who have a history of short birth weight have more stunting nutritional status by 25.6%. Stunting and the history of the child's birth length were significantly correlated (p=0.019). Short-born infants are 2.29 times more likely to experience stunting as toddlers. The incidence of stunting is correlated (p = 0.033) with the educational level of fathers of children under five. Toddlers whose fathers have less education have 39.8% more normal nutritional status.
The issue of hindering can be impacted by the insufficient and incessant quality and amount, both small scale and large scale, particularly from the hatchling to the age of 2 a long time, and wiped out children. The frequency of hindering can too be caused by hereditary variables (heredity) where the hereditary message gotten by children from guardians put away in Deoxyribose Nucleic Corrosive (DNA) will show the physical shape and potential of the child, even though this figure is the as it were a figure that decides the baby's development and advancement. This thinks about points to decide the micronutrient status and only the mother's stature with the hindering rate in peat and waterway bowl regions. This thinks about is an expository plan with a case-control plan between peat zones and waterway streams, with a review approach to hindering chance variables. The number of tests is 100 children beneath five with 50 cases and 50 controls. Factual examination to be carried out incorporates univariable, bivariable examination with Calculated Relapse. The comes about appeared that there was a critical relationship (p<0.05) between micronutrients and hindering in peat ranges and riverbanks. Little children in peat and riverbank zones who encounter micronutrient admissions have 0.24 times and 5.8 times the chance of encountering hindering. There was no critical relationship between maternal stature (TB) and the rate of hindering in both peat and watershed ranges (p>0.05). In any case, moms of little children with TB < 150 cm were cut 1.7 times in peat zones and 0.54 times in watersheds to grant birth to hindering little children. Conclusion. There's a noteworthy relationship between micronutrient status and no noteworthy relationship between maternal stature status and hindering in peat ranges and waterway flows.
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