Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a primary degenerative disease of the central nervous system. The progression of Alzheimer's disease will ultimately lead to dementia, behavioral and cognitive impairments. Increased level of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase AChE plays a key role in hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter Acetylcholine (ACh) which worsens the condition of cognitive dysfunction. Several drug of natural origin are known to possess AChE inhibition and antioxidant activity. The main objective of the present study is to evaluate AChE inhibition and antioxidant activity of the plant Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. Leaves of Ipomoea aquatica Forsk was extracted with Chloroform, n-Hexane, Ethanol and mixture of Ethanol: water (6:4) (hydro-alcoholic extract) using soxhlet extraction. All the four extracts were examined for In-vitro anti-cholinesterase by Ellman's method and antioxidant activity by DPPH and Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay. Results obtained from the study clearly demonstrates that all four extract has shown promising acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity in hydro alcoholic extract reveals the best inhibition potential with IC50 49.03 μg /ml. Similarly all the extracts projects significant antioxidant activity in DPPH assay with IC50 value ranging from 19.64 to 88.63 μg /ml and in Hydrogen peroxide assay with IC50 value ranging from 56.79 to 137.3 μg /ml.
D-Galactosamine (GalN)-induced liver injury is associated with reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on acute GalN-induced oxidative liver injury. Hepatotoxicity induced by single intraperitoneal injection of GalN (500 mg/kg body wt) was evident from increase in lipid peroxidation and serum marker enzymes (asparate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase). The decreased activities of enzymic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) as well as glutathione levels were the salient features observed in GalN-induced hepatotoxicity. Pretreatment with ALA (50 mg/kg body weight for 7 days) significantly precluded these changes and prevents the hepatic injury. Hence, this study clearly exemplified that ALA might be a suitable candidate against GalN-induced cellular abnormalities.
The present paper relates to the pharmacological validation of the antiulcer efficacy of ethanol leaf extract of Morinda tinctoria Roxb. (EEMT) against aspirin pyloric ligation-induced gastric ulcer model and cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer in Wistar rats. Oral administration of EEMT at a dose of 200 and 400 mg/kg significantly prevented the occurrence of aspirin pyloric ligation and cysteamine-induced gastric and duodenal ulceration. The volume and acidity of gastric juice in pyloric ligated rats were significantly (P < 0.01) reduced by EEMT. There was a significant decrease in the number of ulcers, and its severity in both the models proved the ulcer protective activity of EEMT. Administration of extract at both dose levels has shown a significant increase in potassium and sodium ion concentration in the gastric juice of pylorus ligation group. On the basis of these observations, we concluded that EEMT possessing antiulcer activity may be due to the modulation of defensive factors by improvement in gastric cytoprotection.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.