As is known, axial segregation is an important criterion of quality for steels used in crucial applications. Thus, in addition to improving the surface quality of the semifinished product, reducing axial segregation is given special attention in the continuous casting of high-carbon steel for making metal cord, cables, and wire rod. Special measures are used to achieve this, in connection with the limited possibilities for alleviating axial segregation by varying the temperature-rate regimes during casting and secondary cooling. Among the measures used are electromagnetic mixing of the liquid core of the ingot and "soft" reduction of the ingot near the end of the liquid crater. It has been established that the most effective of the variants developed for mixing is mixing inside the mold, since this simultaneously improves the quality of the internal structure and the surface of the cast and rolled metal [ 1, 2].Most methods which subject the crystallizing ingot to some control action in order to improve its quality involve an intensification of heat and mass transfer in the ingot's liquid core and at the crystallization front. This creates favorable conditions for enlarging the axial zone of equiaxed crystals and alleviating axial structural and chemical nonuniformity [3]. However, economic considerations significantly restrict the use of methods and equipment that use external means to influence the formation of the solidifying ingot.To reduce axial segregation and improve the quality of the surface of semifinished products, we have proposed the use of submersible nozzles of a special design. These nozzles provide for turbulent feed of the metal into the mold of continuous casters. The principle of artificially creating turbulence in flows by forming organized eddy zones in them is widely used in modem practice to intensify heat and mass transfer [4].The method we have developed to deliver metal to the mold and the submersible nozzle we designed have made it possible to reduce axial segregation and improve the surface quality of cast and rolled semifinished products on an experimental continuous slab caster of the inclined-straight type [5].We later developed a direct-flow variant of the submersible nozzle for the turbulent feed of metal into the molds of continuous bloom casters and molds of circular cross section [6]. The design elements were chosen so as to ensure the formation of a developed eddy zone at the outlet of the nozzle. An increase in the energy of the turbulent pulsations and the consequent increase in their "range of action" make it possible to intensify heat and mass transfer in the liquid core and at the crystallization front, as well as to achieve greater hydrodynamic and thermal uniformity in the liquid core of the ingot inside the mold.Studies conducted on a physical model showed that casting through the new nozzle increases the angle of divergence of the stream and decreases the depth of penetration of the stream compared to the standard nozzle. The degree of uniformity that can be achieved...
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