The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 12 weeks of step aerobics (SA) training on the functional fitness of apparently healthy older women. Thirteen previously sedentary elderly women (mean age 63.14 years) participated in this study. Subjects performed 3 training sessions per week for 30-60 minutes per session. All measurements were assessed at baseline, after 12 weeks of training (posttest), and after 1 month of detraining. Assessments included the evaluation of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), strength of the upper (arm-curl [AC] test) and lower body (30-second chair-stand test [CS]), dynamic balance and agility (8 foot up and go [8 ft]), flexibility (chair sit-and-reach [CSR]), and cardiorespiratory fitness (6-minute walk test [6MW]). Step aerobics significantly improved all functional fitness components except for BMI. The 12 weeks of SA promoted a large effect size in the following measurements: WC (d = 1.6); CSR (d = 1.51); CS (d = 1.49); AC (d = 1.41); 8 ft (d = 1.32); and 6MW (d = 1.06) (p < 0.05). These results indicate that 12 weeks of SA had a positive effect on the functional fitness components of these older women. Furthermore, these findings were confirmed by the reverse effect observed after 1 month of detraining, except for upper body strength (AC test). In conclusion, 12 weeks of SA training can promote improvements in the functional fitness of apparently healthy older women. Therefore, SA can be considered an effective exercise modality to prevent the loss of functional fitness and its associated consequences.
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to generate a functional-fitness profile for older women from the south of Brazil and to compare their functional profile with an age-matched cohort of American women. The Fullerton Functional Fitness Test (body-mass index, 6-min-walk test, chair sit-and-reach, chair stand, arm curl, and 8-ft up-and-go) was administered to 1,033 participants. Z scores indicate that older American women performed better in all functional tests than age-matched Brazilians. This fact could be explained by the delayed establishment of specific health policies for older adults in Brazil. In conclusion, the findings provide guidelines about the normal variation of functional fitness in older women from the southern region of Brazil. In addition, these data can be used to help identify older women with functional losses, thereby assisting in the diagnosis of early disability.
GC was significantly correlated with PAL. Among the three groups of physical activity level, the most active group was seen to have the best GC.
Objectives: To discuss the practical aspects of safe physical activity and sports participation in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Sources:A literature search was conducted using national (SciELO) and international (PubMed/MEDLINE) databases and the reference lists of the articles found, adopting the following limits: articles on physical activity published in the last 10 years, preferably conducted in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Most studies had an experimental design or were meta-analyses. Summary of the findings:Skeletal muscle glucose uptake is greater during aerobic metabolism in order to generate energy for muscle contraction, which suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis and thus promotes a decrease in blood glucose levels and increased risk of hypoglycemia. Adequate carbohydrate replacement before, during, and after exercise and reduction of preprandial rapid-acting insulin doses are the main allies in avoiding severe hypoglycemic events among diabetic children and adolescents.Conclusions: Type, duration, and intensity of physical activity must be considered when planning carbohydrate replacement and insulin dose reduction, as must the timing of exercise. Nonetheless, physical activity and participation in many individual and team sports is possible and highly recommended in the treatment of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents.J Pediatr (Rio J). 2010;86(4):271-278: Type 1 diabetes mellitus, exercise, hypoglycemia, children, adolescents. ResumoObjetivo: Abordar os aspectos práticos da realização segura de atividade física e esportes em crianças e adolescentes portadores de diabetes tipo 1. Fontes dos dados:A pesquisa dos artigos foi conduzida em fontes de dados nacionais (SciELO) e internacionais (PubMed/MEDLINE), assim como nas próprias referências dos artigos encontrados, adotando como limites: artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos, preferencialmente conduzidos em crianças e adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1, sendo em sua maioria estudos experimentais e meta-análises sobre atividade física. Síntese dos dados:Com o metabolismo aeróbico, os músculos esqueléticos consomem maior quantidade de glicose para gerar energia, o que diminui a gliconeogênese hepática, levando a uma diminuição na glicemia e aumentando o risco de hipoglicemia. A reposição de carboidratos antes, durante e após o exercício em quantidade adequada e a redução da dose de insulina de ação rápida (pré-refeição) são os principais aliados da criança e adolescente com diabetes tipo 1 para evitar a ocorrência da hipoglicemia severa.Conclusões: Para a reposição de carboidratos e a redução da dose de insulina, deve-se considerar o tipo, a duração e a intensidade da atividade física, bem como o horário de sua realização. A participação em diversos esportes, coletivos e individuais, e em atividades físicas de intensidades variadas é possível, sendo muito recomendado no tratamento do diabetes infantil. J Pediatr (Rio J) IntroduçãoO diabetes tipo 1 (DM1) é uma doença autoimune caracterizada pela ...
The partial correlation analysis and the largest variance found for WC and WHR in comparison to the lipidogram components indicate that both methods could be useful in the early diagnosis of atherosclerosis.
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