One of the emerging technologies that have sparked greater interest in pedagogical contexts is augmented reality. This paper aims to assess the impact, practices and attitudes that are generated from augmented reality in the initial training of future teachers, and the presence of these practices in a university training context. The study was carried out with 87 trainee primary teachers. Information was obtained by applying the Wilcoxon test. The qualitative data obtained in open questions were also triangulated. It is emphasized that students do not habitually use this resource at the university, and that with these practices there is sometimes a certain amount of distraction, and even of time being wasted. From the data analyzed, we also highlight that once the availability of resources, class planning and initial teacher training are overcome, augmented reality provides benefits and advantages centered on pedagogies that allow for greater enthusiasm on the part of the students, with significant advantages in creativity, innovation, participation, and especially in the motivation of participants. Coinciding with recent research, our results underline the need for initial training so as to be able to design and apply practices with augmented reality in teaching, and to take advantage of the aforementioned benefits.
Resumen. La metodología didáctica utilizada en las clases de historia es un eje de investigación clave para comprender la educación histórica del alumnado y su concepción sobre esta disciplina y sus posibilidades formativas. En las últimas dos décadas han surgido un gran número de trabajos a nivel internacional (tanto en el ámbito iberoamericano como anglosajón) con importantes propuestas sobre la enseñanza de la historia. En estos trabajos se ha insistido en la necesidad de cambiar los métodos, técnicas y recursos utilizados por los docentes en el aula. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los recuerdos de los estudiantes de educación superior de formación de maestros sobre la metodología didáctica utilizada por sus profesores en las clases de historia, y sus concepciones epistemológicas sobre lo que significa esta disciplina. La muestra la componen 293 alumnos del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Murcia (España). Para la recogida de información se ha elaborado y validado un cuestionario con una escala de valoración tipo Likert, y se han codificado los datos con el paquete estadístico SPSS v.19.0 para su posterior análisis. Los resultados muestran la pervivencia de una metodología tradicional en la enseñanza de la historia, y contradicciones en las concepciones epistemológicas sobre esta disciplina en los futuros docentes. Palabras clave: Enseñanza de la historia; metodología didáctica; epistemología; formación del profesorado.[en] Perception of teaching history and epistemological conceptions. Research with future teachers Abstract. The teaching methods used in history classroom is an axis of research key to understanding the historical education of the students and their conceptions of this subject and the training opportunities. In the last two decades there have been many works internationally (both in Ibero-America and AngloSaxon) with important proposals on history education. In these works it insisted on the need to change the methods, techniques and resources used by teachers in the classroom. The aim of this paper is to analyze the memories of teacher in training about teaching methodology used in history classroom, and their epistemological conceptions. The sample is 293 students of the Degree in Primary Education from the University of Murcia (Spain). For the collection of information has been developed and validated by experts a questionnaire with a Likert rating scale. Data encryption have been in the SPSS v.19.0 statistical 1 Este trabajo ha sido posible gracias a los proyectos
RESUMEN El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las percepciones de los docentes de Educación Secundaria en formación sobre el patrimonio y su rol en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la historia. Se ha seleccionado la información de esta temática del cuestionario titulado "Opinión y percepción del profesorado en formación inicial sobre el aprendizaje de la historia y la evaluación de competencias históricas". La muestra la componen 506 estudiantes del Máster de Formación del Profesorado de Educación Secundaria en España (344) y del Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) y el Teach First en Inglaterra (162). Participaron 22 universidades: 13 españolas y 9 inglesas. Los datos han sido codificados en el programa estadístico SPSS v21.0, y se ha realizado un análisis descriptivo, tablas de contingencia, pruebas estadísticas y correlaciones. Los resultados muestran una estrecha vinculación entre la valoración positiva del patrimonio, el uso de metodologías activas de aprendizaje y una concepción epistemológica de la historia como saber crítico. Palabras clave: patrimonio, enseñanza de la historia, formación docente.
Recent years have witnessed the arrival of new methodological horizons in teacher training. Technological resources and mobile connections play a major role in these studies. At the same time, there is a focus on play to increase commitment and motivation. It is in this context that gamification and flipped-classroom strategies have arisen. This paper presents the results of a training program with future Primary Education teachers using gamification and flipped-classroom strategies and techniques. The aim was that teachers in training acquire competences in proposing innovative teaching units. The learning achieved through the program was evaluated by collecting perceptions via a questionnaire and using an observation scale of the didactic units designed. The program was implemented in four classroom groups (N = 210) at the University of Murcia (Spain). Descriptive statistics are shown; mean tests (t of Student and ANOVA of one factor); non-parametric tests (U-Mann Whitney test); and Pearson correlations between subscales. The data show a very positive assessment of the learning achieved and the strategies applied in the training program. The learning outcomes were satisfactory, although lower than perceived. Some differences between class groups and gender are discussed, and some weaknesses of the program are pointed out.
This paper analyzes the links that exist between the perceptions of teachers-in-training regarding the use of digital resources in the Secondary Education classroom and their own methodological and epistemological conceptions. Shulman’s theories continue to largely guide current research on teacher knowledge. However, the impact caused by the new technologies has inspired new approaches like T-PACK, which put the focus on the teachers’ digital competence. In order to address this goal, information has been collected by means of a questionnaire implemented in 22 universities, 13 Spanish (344 participants) and 9 British (162 participants). The analysis of data was conducted along three phases: a) examination of the structure of assessments regarding the usefulness of digital resources by analyzing latent classes; b) estimation of confirmatory factor models for variable evaluation processes, History as a formative subject and historical competencies; c) estimation of interclass differences by using confirmatory factor models. The results showed four types of response regarding the use of digital resources in the classroom that were polarized about two items: comics and video games. Important interclass differences have likewise been found regarding methodological issues (traditional and innovative practices), as well as less important differences concerning epistemological conceptions and views on the development of historical competencies in the classroom. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los vínculos entre las percepciones del profesorado en formación sobre el uso de los recursos digitales en el aula de Secundaria, y sus concepciones metodológicas y epistemológicas. Las teorías de Shulman siguen orientando en gran medida las investigaciones sobre el conocimiento del profesorado. Sin embargo, el impacto de las nuevas tecnologías ha impulsado nuevos enfoques, como el T-PACK, que incide en la competencia digital docente. Para abordar este objetivo se ha recogido información de un cuestionario implementado en 22 universidades, 13 españolas (344 participantes) y 9 inglesas (162 participantes). Los análisis de datos se realizaron en tres fases: a) exploración de la estructura de las valoraciones sobre la utilidad de los recursos digitales mediante análisis de clases latentes; b) estimación de los modelos factoriales confirmatorios para las variables procesos de evaluación, Historia como materia formativa, y competencias históricas; c) estimación de las diferencias entre clases. Los resultados mostraron cuatro perfiles de respuesta en función de la opinión sobre el uso de los recursos en el aula, y polarizadas en torno a dos ítems: cómics y videojuegos. También se ha podido comprobar importantes diferencias entre clases en cuestiones metodológicas (prácticas tradicionales e innovadoras); y diferencias menos importantes sobre percepciones epistemológicas y de desarrollo de competencias históricas en el aula.
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