Erectile dysfunction (ED) is estimated to affect more than 30 million American men and 152 million men worldwide. Therapeutic agents targeting the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP signaling pathway have successfully treated patients with ED; however, the efficacies of these treatments are significantly lower in specific populations such as patients with diabetes. The goal of this study was to discover and identify new endothelium-derived relaxing factors involved in the regulation of erectile function, providing alternative therapeutic targets for treatment of ED. Immunoblotting results showed that protein expressions of epoxygenases from cytochrome P450 (CYP)2B, 2C and 2J subfamilies, as well as NADPH CYP reductase were present in rat corpora cavernosa, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis. Furthermore, CYP2C was localized in cavernosal endothelial cells using double immunolabeling. CYP epoxygenase activity was analyzed by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography; and the results showed that 11,12- epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) was the major product metabolized by CYP epoxygenases in rat corpora cavernosa. Inhibition of EETs function by injection of an EETs antagonist into rat penis significantly decreased intracavernosal pressure-induced by electrical stimulation of the major pelvic ganglion in vivo. In conclusion, our results suggest that EETs, produced by CYP epoxygenases, in penile endothelial cells serve as vasodilators. Inhibition of this pathway attenuated erectile function, suggesting that EETs are required for normal erection.
We describe a 9-year-old boy on chronic hemodialysis who presented with hyperpigmented, tightly bound-down, indurated plaques of his bilateral lower extremities. Pertinent history included a recent series of magnetic resonance imaging tests utilizing gadolinium-based contrast media. Histopathology showed widened septae with increased fibroblasts and collagen in the subcutis consistent with nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis is a unique fibrosing disorder characterized by skin thickening of the extremities and trunk, resembling that seen in systemic sclerosis. The majority of cases have been reported in dialysis or renal transplant patients. This case of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in a young child is presented to raise awareness in the pediatric community of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis and of gadolinium contrast being a possible trigger.
There is an opportunity for improved tracking and reporting of medication errors in dermatology. Systems are needed to ensure that patients understand how their medication should be used.
information an dietary habits and the second part complained BMI measures, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and the amounts of cholesterol, triglyceride and fasting blood sugar. The samples were 175 number of the workers of vitana factory who had been selected by the manner of census.Results: The results were as follows: The average and standard deviation of weight, height, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of workers were respectively 76.9 AE 11.27 kg, 170.81 AE 7.3 cm, 130 AE 17.66 mmHg and 82. 390 AE 12.22 mmHg. The average and standard deviation of blood cholesterol was 17.5 AE 68. In 17.2% of samples fasting blood sugar was > 120 mg/dl. BMI in 46.3% of workers was between 25 and 29.9 and in 21.7% was between 30 and 39.91.
Conclusion:The results of the research showed that 15% of samples in the research society were affected by medium and severe degree of hypertension and two third (68%) were obese in the grade of 1 and 2, also a statistical meaningful relation between BMI and systolic blood pressure (P < 0.002) and between BMI and diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.01) were founded. On the basis of this research it is necessary that periodical examination be done about workers of this factory for health planning in 3 fields: Screening, education and prevention.
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