AFS in combination with HBO augment peripheral nerve regeneration, which may involve the suppression of apoptotic death in implanted AFS and the attenuation of an inflammatory response detrimental to peripheral nerve regeneration.
Background
Poor control of diabetes mellitus (DM) increases active tuberculosis (TB) risk. Understanding risk factors for latent TB infection (LTBI) in this population and intervention completion rates is crucial for policy making.
Methods
Under a collaborative multidisciplinary team consisting of public health professionals, endocrinologists, and pulmonologists, patients aged >45 years with poorly controlled DM (pDM), defined as having a glycated hemoglobin level of ≥9% within the preceding year, were enrolled by endocrinologists from 2 hospitals; these patients underwent LTBI screening by using QuantiFERON (QFT). Once-weekly isoniazid and rifapentine for 12 weeks (3HP) or daily isoniazid for 9 months (9H) was administered by pulmonologists. QFT-positivity predictors were evaluated using logistic regression. Completion rates and safety were also investigated.
Results
Among 980 patients with pDM (age: 64.2 ± 9.7 years), 261 (26.6%) were QFT-positive. Age, DM duration, chronic kidney disease stage ≥3, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor use, not using metformin, were associated with QFT-positivity. Preventive therapy (3HP: 138; 9H: 62) was administered in 200 (76.6%) QFT-positive patients. The completion rates of 3HP and 9H were 84.1% and 79.0%, respectively (p=0.494). Nine (6.5%) and zero patients in the 3HP and 9H groups, respectively, developed systemic drug reactions (p=0.059); 78.3% and 45.2% had ≥1 adverse drug reactions (p<0.001); and post-treatment QFT conversion rates were 32% and 20%, respectively (p=0.228).
Conclusion
LTBI prevalence exceeds 25% in elderly patients with pDM. Under care from a collaborative multidisciplinary team, the completion rate of preventive therapy, regardless of regimen could approach, or even exceed 80% in this population.
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of various Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR)-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) plus bevacizumab in advanced EGFRmutant lung adenocarcinoma patients.
Materials and MethodsFrom August 2016 to October 2020, we enrolled advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients harboring exon 19 deletion or L858R receiving gefitinib, erlotinib and afatinib plus bevacizumab as the first-line treatment for the purposes of analysis.
ResultsA total of 36 patients were included in the final analysis. Three patients received gefitinib, 17 received erlotinib, and 16 received afatinib combined with bevacizumab as the first-line treatment. The objective response rate was 77.8%, and disease control rate was 94.4%. The overall median progression-free survival (PFS) was 16.4 months, while the median PFS was 17.1 months in patients with exon 19 deletion, and 16.2 months in patients with L858R mutation (p=0.311). Regarding the use of different EGFR-TKIs, the median PFS was 17.1 months in the erlotinib group and 21.6 months in the afatinib group (p=0.617). In patients with brain metastasis at baseline, the median PFS was 18.9 months in the erlotinib group and 16.4 months in the afatinib group (p=0.747). Amongst patients harboring exon 19 deletion, the median PFS was 16.2 months in the erlotinib group and not-reached in the afatinib group (p=0.141). In patients with L858R mutation, the median PFS was 18.9 months in the erlotinib group and 16.2 months in the afatinib group (p=0.481).
ConclusionOur research demonstrates that not only erlotinib combined with bevacizumab, but also afatinib CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT (CRT) 4
Protocol-driven therapy for sepsis was put into clinical practice. Early resuscitation and ICU bed availability were key process indicators in managing sepsis, to reduce mortality.
Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the hearing gain efficacy from adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) treatment in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL). Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of chart reviews was performed on patients with ISSHL between January 2013 through December 2015. All patients were referred to us from our ENT Department for adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen treatment. The results were assessed through pure-tone audiometry (PTA) data change (hearing gain), both before and after HBO2 treatment. Age, gender, affected ear side, HBO2 treatment sessions, both before and after HBO2 treatment PTA were all recorded. Results: Ninety-three (93) patients with ISSHL were included in the study. The average hearing gain in this study was 17.9 dB (p=0.001), where a total of 46 (49.46%) patients showed an improvement (hearing gain ≥10 dB) in response to HBO2 treatment (p=0.002). Patients with the poorest initial severity of hearing loss who displayed a greater degree of hearing improvement after HBO2 treatment were male and in the 40- to 59-year-old age group. Conclusion: This study found that adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen treatment was efficacious for patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. The total average hearing gain was recorded to be 17.9 dB.
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