Context: The Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) is a region-specific, non-disease-specific outcome instrument that possesses many of the clinimetric qualities recommended for an outcome instrument. Evidence of validity to support the use of the FAAM is available in individuals with a wide array of ankle and foot disorders. However, additional evidence to support the use of the FAAM for those with chronic ankle instability (CAI) is needed.Objective: To provide evidence of construct validity for the FAAM based on hypothesis testing in athletes with CAI.Design: Between-groups comparison. Setting: Athletic training room.Patients or Other Participants: Thirty National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II athletes (16 men, 14 women) from one university.Main Outcome Measure(s): The FAAM including activities of daily living (ADL) and sports subscales and the global and categorical ratings of function.Results: For both the ADL and sports subscales, FAAM scores were greater in healthy participants (100 6 0.0 and 99 6 3.5, respectively) than in subjects with CAI (88 6 7.7 and 76 6 12.7, respectively; P , .001). Similarly, for both ADL and sports subscales, FAAM scores were greater in athletes who indicated that their ankles were normal (98 6 6.3 and 96 6 6.9, respectively) than in those who classified their ankles as either nearly normal or abnormal (87 6 6.6 and 71 6 11.1, respectively; P , .001). We found relationships between FAAM scores and self-reported global ratings of function for both ADL and sports subscales. Relationships were stronger when all athletes, rather than just those with CAI, were included in the analyses.Conclusions: The FAAM may be used to detect selfreported functional deficits related to CAI.Key Words: outcomes, evaluative instrument, self-report, ankle sprains Key Points N Scores on the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure activities of daily living and sports subscales were greater in healthy athletes than in those with chronic ankle instability and were greater in the athletes who indicated that their ankles were normal than in those who indicated that their ankles were nearly normal or abnormal.

The authors compared leg stiffness (K VERT ), muscle activation, and joint movement patterns between 11 men and 10 women during hopping. Physically active and healthy men and women performed continuous 2-legged hopping at their preferred rate and at 3.0 Hz. Compared with men, women demonstrated decreased K VERT ; however, after the authors normalized for body mass, gender differences in K VERT were eliminated. In comparison with men, women also demonstrated increased quadriceps and soleus activity, as well as greater quadriceps-to-hamstrings coactivation ratios. There were no significant gender differences for joint movement patterns (p > .05). The relationship between the observed gender differences in muscle recruitment and the increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury in women requires further study. KeywordsACL; quadriceps; coactivation; hop; jump Females' anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rates are 2.0 to 9.7 times greater than are males' ACL injury rates

The Orthopaedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) has an ongoing effort to create evidence-based practice guidelines for orthopaedic physical therapy management of patients with musculoskeletal impairments described in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF). The purpose of these revised clinical practice guidelines is to review recent peer-reviewed literature and make recommendations related to midportion Achilles tendinopathy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(5):A1–A38. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.0302

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