Abstract-Recently, many efforts have been made to develop more efficient Inter-Vehicle Communication (IVC) protocols for ondemand route planning according to observed traffic congestion or incidents, as well as for safety applications. Because practical experiments are often not feasible, simulation of network protocol behavior in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) scenarios is strongly demanded for evaluating the applicability of developed network protocols. In this work, we discuss the need for bidirectional coupling of network simulation and road traffic microsimulation for evaluating IVC protocols. As the selection of a mobility model influences the outcome of simulations to a great extent, the use of a representative model is necessary for producing meaningful evaluation results. Based on these observations, we developed the hybrid simulation framework Veins (Vehicles in Network Simulation), composed of the network simulator OMNeT++ and the road traffic simulator SUMO. In a proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate its advantages and the need for bidirectionally coupled simulation based on the evaluation of two protocols for incident warning over VANETs. With our developed methodology, we can advance the state-of-the-art in performance evaluation of IVC and provide means to evaluate developed protocols more accurately.
Abstract-We present a realistic, yet computationally inexpensive simulation model for IEEE 802.11p radio shadowing in urban environments. Based on real world measurements using IEEE 802.11p/DSRC devices, we estimated the effect that buildings and other obstacles have on the radio communication between vehicles. Especially for evaluating safety applications in the field of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), stochastic models are not sufficient for evaluating the radio communication in simulation. Motivated by similar work on WiFi measurements, we therefore created an empirical model for modeling buildings and their properties to accurately simulate the signal propagation. We validated our model using real world measurements in a city scenario for different types of obstacles. Our simulation results show a very high accuracy when compared with the measurement results, while only requiring a marginal overhead in terms of computational complexity.
Abstract-Traffic Information Systems (TIS) are one of the key non-safety application areas of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). As such, TIS are much less delay sensitive compared to safety applications, which have recently attracted a lot of attention in VANET research. We propose a new message dissemination protocol, Adaptive Traffic Beacon (ATB), which is fully distributed and uses adaptive beaconing based on two key metrics: 1) the message utility; and 2) the channel quality. It is shown that adaptive beaconing leads to a much broader dissemination of messages (in terms of penetration rate) than flooding-based approaches, albeit at a slower rate. Adaptive beaconing thus seems to be much more suitable for TIS than flooding-based protocols.
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