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PurposeGenetic variation may influence women’s response to ovarian stimulation therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate any effects of genetic variants in the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and AMH type II receptor genes on ovarian response/treatment outcomes and on current markers of ovarian reserve in individuals undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, we genotyped the AMH c.146G>T, p.(Ile49Ser) and AMHR2 -482A>G variants in 603 unrelated women undergoing their first cycle of controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF and ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection) using gonadotrophins at a tertiary referral centre for reproductive medicine. Pelvic ultrasound and blood hormone levels were taken on days 2–3 of the cycle. Genotypes were determined using TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. Regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the genotypes and the ovarian reserve markers (FSH, AMH, antral follicle count) and the early outcomes of response (number of oocytes retrieved and gonadotropin dose) as well as the treatment outcome (live birth).ResultsThere were no significant associations between the variants AMH c.146G>T and AMHR2 -482A>G with ovarian response in terms of number of oocytes retrieved (p = 0.08 and p = 0.64, respectively), live births (p = 0.28 and p = 0.52) and/or markers of ovarian reserve.ConclusionsGenotyping of the AMH c.146G>T and AMHR2 -482A>G polymorphisms does not provide additional useful information as a predictor of ovarian reserve or ovarian response and treatment outcomes.