Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) with endoscope-guided coblation tongue base resection.Design: Retrospective case-control study.Setting: University-based tertiary care medical center. Results: Postoperative PSG studies showed improved sleep quality for most patients. The mean postoperative apnoea-hypopnea index (AHI) was reduced significantly from 45.0 to 17.0 events/h (P < .0001) in the TORS group and from 45.6 to 16.2 events/h (P < .0001) in the coblation group. The mean rates of improvement (AHI reduction > 50%) were 75.0% in TORS patients and 62.1% in coblation patients and the difference was not significant. Less frequent postoperative morbidity, including bleeding, taste dysfunction and foreign body sensation, was recorded in TORS patients.Conclusions: Both the coblation and TORS groups showed similar surgical outcomes, TORS achieved PSG results non-inferior to and complication rates comparable to coblation.

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous inflammatory airway disease involving non-eosinophilic and eosinophilic phenotypes, which translate to various endotypes. Activated eosinophils and neutrophils are known to generate extracellular traps consisting of DNA and cytotoxic granule proteins. We sought to investigate the presence of eosinophil and neutrophil extracellular traps (EETs and NETs, respectively) in human CRS tissues and to clarify the associations with their clinical features. Nasal polyp (NP) or ethmoid tissue slides of 43 subjects from endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS were analysed. Quantitative analysis of EETs and NETs was performed by confocal microscopy using immunofluorescent staining. For correlation study, the presence of NPs, number of infiltrating tissue eosinophils, preoperative Lund–Mackay scores, and other comorbidities were analysed. EET formation was observed to varying degrees in all CRS groups and was correlated with the number of tissue eosinophils (r  =  0.83, p  < 0.001) regardless of the presence of NPs. Patients with more EETs demonstrated higher Lund–Mackay scores (r  =  0.51, p  = 0.009), blood eosinophilia (r  =  0.80, p  < 0.001), and decreased olfactory function (r  = −0.65, p  < 0.001). No correlation between the extent of EET formation and the presence of atopy or asthma was apparent. However, none of the CRS groups containing neutrophils formed NETs in this study. Eosinophilic CRS indicates the presence of EETs. Formation of EETs could have a role in clinical decision-making and prediction of treatment outcome of CRS, regardless of NP status.

1b. Laryngoscope, 128:311-316, 2018.

PurposeTo obtain validated clinical values suitable for developing a gustatory function test, including umami taste, in a Korean population.Materials and MethodsThe investigation involved 297 participants with self-reported normal sense of taste and smell. Liquid solutions were used for the assessment of gustatory function. The test consisted of 30 taste solutions [six concentrations of five tastants (sweet, bitter, salty, sour, and umami)]. For evaluation of overall gustatory function, the number of detected or correctly recognized taste thresholds was combined to form a “taste score.”ResultsMean values of each detection and recognition threshold for the five tastes in men were consistently lower than those of women. The 10th percentile of taste score for recognition was used as the cut-off value for distinguishing normogeusia from hypogeusia. In subgroup analysis, total taste score from recognition thresholds revealed a significant negative correlation with age, indicating lower scores for increasing age. Taste score for non-smokers was significantly higher than that of smokers, in terms of detection and recognition of taste sensitivities.ConclusionThis gustatory function test was easy to perform, affordable, and time-saving, with the capacity to self-produce and obtain reliable data. Gustatory function was more sensitive in young people, women, and non-smokers.

Robot-assisted SMG resection was feasible without any significant complications and satisfactory cosmetic results. The safety and oncologic outcome of the procedure should be verified with larger number of patients and longer follow up period.