Environmental conditions for the roughly three million people living in the Taipei basin of Taiwan are greatly affected by the land–sea breeze and afternoon thunderstorm activities. A new perspective on the land–sea breeze life cycle and how it is affected by afternoon thunderstorm activity in the Taipei basin during the dry season is provided. During the summer monsoon break–revival phase, about 75% of rainfall in the Taipei basin is produced by afternoon thunderstorms triggered by sea-breeze interactions with the mountains to the south of this basin. Because the basic characteristics of the land–sea breeze and the changes it undergoes through the influence of afternoon thunderstorms have not been comprehensively analyzed/documented, a mini–field experiment was conducted during the summers of 2004 and 2005 to explore these aspects of the land–sea breeze in this basin. Thunderstorm rainfall is found to change not only the basin’s land–sea-breeze life cycle, but also its ventilation mechanism. On the nonthunderstorm day, the sea breeze supplies the open-sea fresh air for about 8 h during the daytime, but the land breeze persists on the thunderstorm day from afternoon to the next morning, acting to sweep polluted urban air out of the basin.
In order to accommodate the global climate change, the idea of constructing zero-carbon green buildings has become the main stream and highest standard in building design in many countries. Located in subtropical zone, Taiwan features hot and humid weather in summer. The high usage of air conditioning is the main challenge to design zero-carbon green buildings in Taiwan. However, the temperature in the middle and high mountain areas decreases as altitude increases and makes it possible to create a living environment without using air conditioning in the summer. This project analyzed weather data in the middle and high mountain areas of Taiwan. The degree hour method and weather research and forecast model were used to evaluate the demand of air conditioning in the summer based on outside air temperature. The results showed that the low air conditioning load areas are above 1000 m elevation. This project then simulated energy consumption of a two-floor building near the Sun Moon Lake, an area of low air conditioning load, to explore the feasibility of zero-carbon green buildings in Taiwan. Based on the life style of a four-member family, a simulation process was conducted to estimate energy consumption of various appliances and different life habits. This study showed that the energy consumption in the buildings can be reduced up to 70% by using three major design strategies. These strategies include selection of a low air conditioning load location, using high energy efficient appliances, and application of energy conserving habits. Followed by renewable energy evaluation, it is possible to put zero-carbon green building into practice in Taiwan.
Solar radiation data is an important consideration factor in building environment planning. This study focused on the regional characteristics of global solar radiation of Taiwan. The research utilized the raw meteorological data meseaursed by the Central Weather Bureau to establish reliable solar radiation data of weather stations by means of statistic analysis. A total of weather station’s data are used where their geographical location are evenly distributed from northern to southern Taiwan. The results of this study will presented the diagrams of annual and monthly averaged solar radiation in Taiwan. Geographical distribution of inter-annual trend of global solar radiation during this period was also presented in this paper. It can be used for further study of the climate zoning comparing with other climate conditions. Furthermore, researchers of solar cell design, building energy, shading design, site planning, etc. can utilize the distribution diagram to fetch reliable solar radiation values to carry on reasonable quantitative analysis.
In order to decrease the impacts of climate changes and global warming on the environment, many countries have started the zero carbon or low carbon researches to decrease the production of CO2. The government of Taiwan also follows the trend in conserving energy and decreasing carbon production and develops a “low carbon island” demonstration plan. The energy consumption of a building is closely linked to the climates of its location. Therefore, studying the local climates is the foundation of low carbon building design. However, the meteorological data collected for general purposes do not provide detailed sorting and time selection for building design. Therefore, it is important to create an architectural meteorological database specially for building design. In this research, we created an architectural meteorological database for Liuqiu island, an off-shore island in the “low carbon island” plan of Taiwan. Using this database, the building designer can improve the natural ventilation design of the building to decrease the usage of air conditioning and the goal of low carbon building can be achieved easily.
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