Introduction Granulosa cell tumour (GCT) comprises 2-5% of ovarian malignancies. They are hormonally active tumours and may present with menstrual complaints, abdominal distension or infertility. Prognosis is generally favourable because of the early stage at diagnosis and less aggressive behaviour. Materials and Methods Medical records of 32 cases presenting from January 2008 to December 2014 were retrospectively analysed for the patient characteristics, tumour characteristics and the treatment received.
ResultsThe mean age was 42.75 ± 10.25 years (range: 22 to 70 years). The most common presenting symptom was abdominal distension (50.00%) followed by menstrual complaints. The mean tumour diameter was 15.24 cm (range: 4-25 cm). Endometrial pathology was found in 4 patients (12.50%), and all had simple hyperplasia without atypia. Twenty-four patients underwent primary staging surgery; one patient underwent interval debulking surgery after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. Seven patients had undergone surgery elsewhere of which 4 underwent re-staging and three were given chemotherapy. All patients had the final histopathology of adult granulosa cell tumour except one patient with juvenile granulosa cell tumour. Most patients had stage I disease (81.25%). Post-operative chemotherapy was administered to 22 patients. The most commonly used regimen was paclitaxel and carboplatin. The overall 5-year survival rate was 90%. The mean overall survival was 36.95 ± 34.08 months (range: 0.50 to 112.00 months). Two patients had recurrence at 38 and 44 months, respectively. Conclusion GCT of the ovary is a rare tumour with a tendency for late relapse. Survival is generally excellent as majority of the patients present in early stages.
OBJECTIVES: Cancer is a multi-factorial disease, with various intrinsic and environmental factors contributing to its occurrence. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been associated with the occurrence of many cancers. India severely suffers from 3 HPV-associated cancers (cervical cancer, oral cancer, and oropharyngeal cancer). Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the HPV burden in these 3 cancers among patients from the western region of India.METHODS: DNA was isolated from samples from 400 cervical cancer, 127 oral cancer, and 75 oropharyngeal cancer patients. Polymerase chain reaction was performed using degenerate primers for HPV infection.RESULTS: Overall, HPV infection was observed in 87% of cervical cancer cases, 12.5% of oral cancer cases, and 26.7% of oropharyngeal cancer cases when analyzed with a cumulative detection method using the MY 09/11, GP 5+/6+, and CP I/II primer sets.CONCLUSIONS: A significant prevalence of HPV infection was detected in all 3 cancers using the degenerate primer sets. This finding implies that testing for HPV infection using multiple primer sets is crucial for determining its actual prevalence in various malignancies.
ObjectiveThis study aimed to study the patterns of recurrence in surgically treated cases of vulvar cancer (VC) and determine the factors associated with recurrence, with a special emphasis on lymph node ratio (LNR).
MethodsThis retrospective study examined VC patients primarily treated with surgery at our institute from January 2005 to December 2015. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, surgicohistopathological data, adjuvant treatment, follow up, and recurrence site and treatment were studied.
ResultsAmong the 111 cases treated, a recurrence rate of 18.9% was noted. Recurrence was most commonly local (61.9%). On univariate and multivariable analyses of clinicopathological parameters, an LNR >20 had the highest hazard ratio for recurrence.
ConclusionLNR may provide useful prognostic information in VC patients with positive inguinal lymph node status.
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