CollectionAcquisition a b s t r a c tThe Android platform has been deployed across a wide range of devices, predominately mobile phones, bringing unprecedented common software features to a diverse set of devices independent of carrier and manufacturer. Modern digital forensics processes differentiate collection and analysis, with collection ideally only occurring once and the subsequent analysis relying upon proper collection. After exploring special device boot modes and Android's partitioning schema we detail the composition of an Android bootable image and discuss the creation of such an image designed for forensic collection. The major contribution of this paper is a general process for data collection of Android devices and related results of experiments carried out on several specific devices.

The natural environment is essential for human survival and development since it provides water resources, land resources, biological resources and climate resources etc. As a developing country, China has witnessed a significant change in the natural environment in recent decades; and therefore, monitoring and mastering the status of the environment is of great significance. Due to the characteristics of large-scale and dynamic observation, remote sensing technology has been an indispensable approach for environmental monitoring. This paper reviews the satellite resources, institutions and policies for environmental monitoring in China, and the advances in research and application of remote sensing from five aspects: ecological index retrieval, environmental monitoring in protected areas, rural areas, urban areas and mining areas. The remote sensing models and methods for various types of environmental monitoring, and the specific applications in China are comprehensively summarized. This paper also points out major challenges existing at the current stage: satellite sensor problems, integrated use challenges of datasets, uncertainty in the retrieval process of ecological variables, scaling effect problems, a low degree of automation, the weak ability of forecasting and comprehensive analysis, and a lack of computational power for massive datasets. Finally, the development trend and future directions are put forward to direct the research and application of environmental monitoring and protection in the new era.

Cancer stem cells have been shown to be important in tumorigenesis processes, such as tumor growth, metastasis, and recurrence. As such, many three-dimensional models have been developed to establish an ex vivo microenvironment that cancer stem cells experience under in vivo conditions. Cancer stem cells propagating in three-dimensional culture systems show physiologically related signaling pathway profiles, gene expression, cell–matrix and cell–cell interactions, and drug resistance that reflect at least some of the tumor properties seen in vivo. Herein, we discussed the presently available Cancer stem cell three-dimensional culture models that use biomaterials and engineering tools and the biological implications of these models compared to the conventional ones.

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Background: Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix protein that is widely expressed in the stromal fibroblasts of various cancers. However, the roles of TNC in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells remain unclear. Methods: The expression of TNC, cancer stem cell-like (CSC) and cell cycle markers, and Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway genes were assessed in 100 paraffin embedded clinical CRC patient tissues using immunohistochemistry. The interaction between TNC and CSC marker or HH related genes in CRC cells were detected by immunofluorescence. Cell cycle distribution was measured by flow cytometry. Migration and invasion were evaluated by transwell assays. The expressions of TNC, CSC marker, and HH related proteins were analyzed by western blot. Results: TNC expression was markedly upregulated in CRC tissues, and was associated with worse clinical outcomes. TNC overexpression was positively associated with CSC marker LSD1, cell cycle markers CDK4 and p16, and HH signaling pathway related genes SMO and GLI1 in clinical CRC tissue samples. TNC silencing downregulated the expression of the CSC marker LSD1, and the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Interestingly, the GLI1 inhibitor GANT61 strongly inhibited the expression of TNC in CRC cells. Conclusions: TNC may drive tumor progression and is involved in CSC properties via the HH signaling pathway. TNC has potential value in the evaluation of poor prognosis in CRC.

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