± 5 °C) with exposure times of 24 h at each temperature. Over these temperatures, some of the metals showed increased mass gain with higher temperatures (i.e., In, Ag, Cu), Sn showed decreased iodine capture at increased temperatures, and most metals (i.e., Mo, Nb, Ni, Pd, Pt, and Ta) showed little to no mass gain at all temperatures. Silver mordenite (AgZ) was used as a standard during these studies and showed a consistent mass gain (m % I ) of 10.6 → 12.8% over this temperature range. The values of the mass of iodine captured per mass of starting metal (g g −1 ) ranged widely across the study, with the highest values achieved for (in descending order) Sn-T 100 °C (4.37), In-T 139 °C (3.34), Sn-T 123 °C (1.98), In-T 123 °C (1.57), Ag-T 139 °C(1.19), In-T 100 °C (0.97), and Cu-T 139 °C (0.71). In some cases, the metal-iodide complex was not stable at the experimental temperature, and it was clear some volatility had occurred during the experiment based on discoloration in the vials. These results show that some metals can have extensive reactions with I 2(g) without showing metal-iodide preferences over metal-oxide formation based on thermodynamic predictions. It is possible that materials such as these could be implemented near nuclear facilities to getter I 2(g) in the event of a nuclear accident.

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Polyimide-based materials, like Kapton, are widely used in flexible cables and circuitry due to their unique electrical and mechanical characteristics. This study is aimed at investigating the radiopurity of Kapton for use in ultralow background, rare-event physics applications by measuring the 238 U, 232 Th, and nat K levels using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Commercial-off-the-shelf Kapton varieties, measured at approximately 950 and 120 pg/g 238 U and 232 Th (1.2×10 4 and 490 µBq/kg), respectively, can be a significant background source for many current and next-generation ultralow background detectors. This study has found that the dominant contamination is due to the use of dicalcium phosphate (DCP), a nonessential slip additive added during manufacturing. Alternative Kapton materials were obtained that did not contain DCP and were determined to be significantly more radiopure than the commerciallyavailable options with 12 and 19 pg/g 238 U and 232 Th (150 and 77 µBq/kg), respectively. The lowest radioactivity version produced (Kapton ELJ, which contains an adhesive) was found to contain single digit pg/g levels of 238 U and 232 Th, two-to-three orders of magnitude cleaner than commercial-off-theshelf options. Moreover, copper-clad polyimide laminates employing Kapton ELJ as the insulator were obtained and shown to be very radiopure at 8.6 and 22 pg/g 238 U and 232 Th (110 and 89 µBq/kg), respectively.