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In the today's competitive environment, employee retention is a challenge faced by many industries. This work aims to identify the factors that influence employee retention. This is done using employees' feedback and various computational techniques. A survey is conducted within multiple sectors to collect data. The questionnaire is divided into two parts: the first part includes demographic information, whereas the second part contains questions pertaining to employees' job description and their satisfaction. The questions on the second portion are based on theories like Herzberg's duality theory, expectancy theory, social cognitive theory, and sociocultural theory. These theories are further linked with factors like motivation, recognition and reward, bullying and work harassment. Later, the frequent items mining technique from the domain of data mining is utilized to identify the frequent factors from an employee perspective toward better retention rates. A test is also conducted to ensure the reliability of the data. The obtained results indicate it to be 87% reliable. A comparison between two frequent items mining methods indicates four times quicker performance of the k Direct Count and Intersect (kDCI) method in identifying key retention aspects from the data. A tool is utilized for analysis of variance (ANOVA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) tests to find factors crucial for retaining employees. The result identifies that work environment, reward and recognition, work performance, supervisory support, and income have high impact on employee retention.

Education is a basic human right and is considered a key tool for national development. Pakistani society follows the universal pattern of differentiated general education and technical education. One hundred and twenty respondents were selected through a convenient sampling technique and were interviewed by a well-structured research tool (questionnaire). Ten respondents were pretested to check and examine the workability of the questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed through appropriate statistical techniques by using SPSS software, and recommendations were made for the improvement of technical and vocational education regarding human resources. The study found that the majority of the respondents belonged to those skilled persons who were agreed with private organizations taking an interest in conducting vocational training courses. During conducting data, it was also observed that the majority of respondents were agreed that their institutes are providing skills according to international standards. Near to half of the respondents were found a tendency toward getting technical-vocational education in our country with a high ratio. The 􀅫indings of this study will contribute more in the literature in the area of education in human resource management and will also open a new avenue for practitioners as well as for researchers.

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Purpose of the study: This study examines the key Human resource-related entrepreneurship challenges that the food companies face. Methodology: The research approach utilized in this study was exploratory. The sampling size consists of 200 individuals. Four hypotheses were tested based on the four core challenges being faced by HR. Each hypothesis was calculated and weighed separately utilizing regression analysis. Main Findings: The results obtained indicate that human resource management of the food sector companies needs to thoroughly plan the business so that it majorly focuses on its staff management as they are truly dependent on them for their profits and revenues. Thus, being the major drivers of success, management should invest a good amount in their training, knowledge, and learning. Applications of this study: The findings can be helpful for a manager they can focus on the management of their staff for-profit and revenues. Novelty/Originality of this study: The use of theory in this research paper is grounded theory and human resource management theory to present the findings on the human resource ground management forum.

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Career selection is one of the most vital and challenging decisions in the life of Career selection is one of the most vital and challenging decisions in the life of an individual. In many cases, the individual is not solely responsible for their career choice. In order to address this problem and provide remedial measures, a sample of engineering students was taken from different institutions in Pakistan. Based on the student’s current and previous academic performance and interest in their projects, a weighted index was constructed with empirical evidence. This index reflects the overall comprehensiveness of the career decision. The study revealed that 57.4% of the students are enrolled because of self-interest, while the remaining have other reasons. Furthermore, it was found that a significant number of students experience poor outcomes because of bad decisions in relation to how they choose their career. Data analysis suggests that the majority of the students who choose their career due to the influence of others show poor performance on the index rating. The reason for the career choice of the students indicates a highly significant ((p-value = 0.003) association. A gamma test is used to determine the direction of the association. The results also indicate a negative trend when there is a shift of career choice from one due to self-interest to one based on the outlook of the career. This research takes into account all of the important factors in career choice, and is particularly useful for guidance counselors of high schools and colleges as it provides a framework for career choice decisions for students. Finally, the researchers propose a decision making criteria and a numerical model for guiding counselors and students. https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9.i2.488