Pediatric primary lymphedema usually involves the lower extremities. Boys typically are affected at birth, and girls most often present during adolescence. Most patients do not have major morbidity, are successfully managed by compression, and do not require surgical treatment.
"Lymphedema" is not a generic term. Approximately one-fourth of pediatric patients with a large lower extremity are misdiagnosed as having lymphedema; the most commonly confused causes are other types of vascular anomalies. History, physical examination, and often radiographic studies are required to differentiate lymphedema from other conditions to ensure the child is managed appropriately.
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