Although a growing body of work has established developing regulatory abilities during the second year of life, more work is needed to better understand factors that influence this emerging control. The purpose of the present study was to examine regulation capacities in executive functions (i.e., EF or cognitive control) and emotion regulation (i.e., ER or control focused on modulating negative and sustaining positive emotions) in a Latin American sample, with a focus on how joint attention, social vulnerability, and temperament contribute to performance. Sixty Latin American dyads of mothers and children aged 18 to 24 months completed several EF tasks, a Still-Face Paradigm (SFP) to examine ER (Weinberg et al., 2008), and the Early Social Communication Scale to measure joint attention (Mundy et al., 2003). Parents completed the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire Very Short Form to measure temperament (ECBQ-VS, Putnam et al., 2010) and the Social Economic Level Scale (SES) from INDEC (2000). Results revealed the typical responses expected for toddlers of this age in these EF tasks and in the SFP. Also, we found associations between EF and ER and between non-verbal communication related to monitoring infants' attention to objects (i.e., responding to joint attention) and initiation of pointing (e.g., pointing and showing of an object while the child alternates his gaze to an adult) with EF. Regarding social factors, family differences and type of housing contribute to regulation. For temperament, effortful control was associated with both regulatory capacities. Finally, only age predicted EF. These results suggest that many patterns regarding the development of these abilities are duplicated in the first months of life in a Latin American sample while further highlighting the importance of considering how the environment and the individual characteristics of infants may associate to these regulatory abilities, which is particularly relevant to developing public policies to promote their optimal development.

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El objetivo fue indagar si existen relaciones significativas entre el Apoyo Social Funcional percibido y las Somatizaciones en el contexto de aislamiento social preventivo y obligatorio (ASPO) por Covid-19. Se trató de un estudio descriptivo, correlacional y transversal. Se utilizó el Inventario SCL-90-R y la Escala de Apoyo Social Funcional Duke-Unk-11. Además, se indagaron factores laborales, efectos económicos, exposición a noticias, búsqueda de información, entre otros. Con una muestra de 497 sujetos (Femenino=329) de entre 18 y 80 años (Media=39.9), se confirmó una relación negativa entre el apoyo social, confidencial y afectivo, y las somatizaciones. El género fue la variable que mayor tamaño del efecto arrojó sobre las somatizaciones (.848) y la ansiedad fóbica (.559), el ser de género femenino tiene un efecto fuerte y moderado sobre esas variables respectivamente. Asimismo, a mayor exposición a noticias sobre Covid-19 mayor es la ansiedad fóbica. Aquellos que vieron reducidos sus ingresos económicos presentaron mayor nivel de somatizaciones e ideación paranoide, y una menor percepción de apoyo social. Finalmente, quienes trabajaron fuera del hogar puntuaron más en ideación paranoide y menos en apoyo social funcional. Se concluye que cuando las personas perciben más apoyo, tienden a presentar menor malestar en el contexto actual.

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