Although with early treatment phenylketonuria patients may have average intelligence levels, it is important to optimize the nutritional management to maintain adequate phenylalanine levels, so that patients can develop their intellectual potential free of abnormalities in their daily activities due to deficits of cognitive executive functions. This study presents a series of 26 patients, diagnosed and treated early, who underwent a psychometric evaluation together with phenylalanine determinations along their lives, and at the time of doing the tests. A trend is observed towards a reverse relationship between IQ and concurrent phenylalanine concentration, phenylalanine median and phenylalanine/tyrosine ratio. Likewise, a trend towards a negative relationship is observed between executive functions and concurrent phenylalanine values along patients' lives.
En el cuadro de San Pelayo ante Abderramán III de Córdoba están representadas varias leyendas de la Antigüedad clásica: la de Leda y el cisne, la de Lucrecia, y una tercera que el autor de este artículo identifica con el mito de Crimiso y Egesta. Estas leyendas, junto con los nombres de Pasífae y Minerva, que también aparecen en la pintura, constituyen alegorías morales que ilustran, en clara referencia al tema del cuadro y del retablo al que pertenece, la castidad y la razón opuestas a la pasión irracional de la lujuria.
Background. Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder of the amino acid metabolism and fatty acid oxidation due to the deficiency of the electron transfer protein or electron transfer protein ubiquinone oxidoreductase. The clinical picture ranges from a severe neonatal lethal presentation to late myopathic forms responsive to riboflavin. Up to now, there is no effective treatment for the neonatal form, which exhibits severe metabolic acidosis, hyperammonemia, hypoketotic hypoglycemia, and rhabdomyolysis. We present the case of a child who has had a good long-term outcome after a typical neonatal onset, with a dramatic drop in ammonia levels during the initial metabolic decompensation crisis and adequate control even during intercurrent diseases thereafter with N-carbamylglutamate treatment.
Resumen. En este artículo se analizan las fi guras de tres oradores, Foción, Demóstenes y Démades, en las biografías que Plutarco dedicó a los dos primeros. Intentamos demostrar que solo podemos aproximarnos a las ideas de Plutarco sobre su oratoria si establecemos la selección que hace de los datos procedentes de otros autores y los diferenciamos de las opiniones del biógrafo. Además, hemos contrastado estos datos con los que aparecen en otras fuentes históricas y literarias. De ese análisis complejo y detallado, situado en varios niveles, podemos extraer información muy útil para el estudio de la oratoria en las biografías de Plutarco, que a veces queda desdibujada o malinterpretada cuando se enfoca en un único personaje. Queda claro que Plutarco concede mayor importancia a la conducta y el carácter de los personajes y se basa en ellos para juzgar su oratoria, distanciándose así de las valoraciones que encuentra en sus fuentes. Palabras clave: Vidas paralelas de Plutarco; oratoria; Demóstenes; Foción; Démades.[en] Plutarch, two Lives, three orators: Phocion, Demosthenes and Demades Abstract. In this article the fi gures of the orators Phocion, Demosthenes and Demades are analysed through the biographies that Plutarch devoted to the fi rst two personages. We try to prove that we can only approach Plutarch's ideas on their oratory if we take his selection of the data from other authors and we contrast them with the biographer's opinion. In addition, we have compared these data with what is encompassed in other historical and literary sources. From this detailed and complex analysis done at different levels we can extract very useful information. This will allow us to study the oratory in the biographies of Plutarch, wich might sometimes be blurred or misinterpreted when it is focused on just one personage. It is clear that Plutarch gives more importance to the personages' conduct and character and relies on that to judge their oratory. Thus he departs himself from the assessments that he fi nds in his sources.
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