BackgroundSkin changes caused by aging increase the risk of skin damages, such as pressure ulcers, during hospitalization of elderly patients. There is few information about the cost of wound treatment in Brazil. Conversely, skin and wound problems are highly reported among hospitalized elderly patients and caregivers. The purpose is to analyze the socio-demographic and clinical profile associated with skin and wound care in hospitalized elderly.MethodsThis is a prospective observational study. The sample consisted of 75 patients, aged 60 years or more, randomly selected in three hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data extraction from nursing records of the sample, using cross mapping with Nursing Interventions Classification. Data Synthesis supported by SAS 6.11 (SAS Institute, Inc. Cary North Carolina) in association with SPSS version 14.0 and statistics analysis.ResultsThe findings were: age standard deviation 7.8, with minimum as 60, and maximum as 91 years old. Prevalence of women and married seniors. High prevalence of long-term hospitalization. There were 21 Nursing Interventions in the nursing records and seventeen of them related to skin and wound care. They were described in 57 nursing activities, present during 376 evaluations and repeated 1756 times. A significant difference was obtained between age and the presence of the nursing interventions “Positioning” (p-0.004), Eye Care/Hygiene (p- < 0.0001) and Oral Health Maintenance (p-0.0003).ConclusionThe skin care to prevention and treatment of skin damages represented the major demand of nursing interventions in different clinical conditions of hospitalized elderly.
O uso de fraldas por idosos hospitalizados pode ser considerado um dos responsáveis pelo surgimento de agravos dermatológicos e exacerbação dos episódios de incontinência urinária. A ausência de padronização quanto ao seu uso e indicação contribui para a presença dos eventos adversos. Trata-se de um estudo de revisão sistemática da literatura cujo objetivo foi analisar o uso da fralda geriátrica ao que concerne a técnica, os produtos e os eventos adversos e a partir disso formular um protocolo de intervenção para uso de fraldas geriátricas. Para o direcionamento desta revisão sistemática foram seguidos os critérios do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA Statement). Para busca optou-se pelas bases de dados CINAHL, LILACS, EMBASE e MEDLINE e obteve-se amostra fi nal de 33 artigos nas línguas portuguesa, inglesa e espanhola, sem delimitação de tempo para busca e com exclusão daqueles que abordassem sobre fraldas infantis. As pesquisas destacaram as características relacionadas à matéria prima e funcionalidades da fralda, assim como as técnicas de uso e as lacunas sobre a padronização desse processo nas intervenções de enfermagem. Do mesmo modo, os estudos demonstraram que os acometimentos cutâneos e de incontinência urinária possuem relação com a qualidade dos produtos utilizados e com a frequência das trocas.
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