The current study was undertaken to evaluate various quality attributes of buffalo meat and to characterize it using principal component analysis (PCA)

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Geographical isolation and human interventions resulted in formation of subpopulations among native breeds, which showed differences in morphological or biometric traits. Crossbreeding of indigenous goats with exotic breeds resulted in combining desirable characteristics of many breeds in a composite population. Malabari crossbreds (CB), which had the inheritance of Malabari, Saanen, Alpine and Boer goat breeds were available at University Goat Farm, Mannuthy, Kerala, India. The native goats of Kerala namely, Attappady Black (AB) and populations of Malabari goats from Kannur, Calicut, Thrissur and Malappuram districts (MK, MC, MT and MM) were analysed along with Malabari crossbreds (CB) for genetic diversity. Morphological data were collected from 1776 animals and biometric data from 572 animals representing six goat populations. Qualitative morphological traits analysed were coat colour, presence or absence of horns, tassels, beard, pattern of ear and hair at forequarters and hindquarters. Quantitative biometric traits assessed were chest girth, height at withers, body length and body weight collected from female animals of one to three years of age. Least squares means calculated from SPSS, canonical discriminant analysis by CANDISC, Mahalanobis distance and dendrogram constructed by PROC CLUSTER were used to analyse biometric variables. Canonical discriminant analysis conducted for biometric data identified three statistically significant canonical variables (P<0.0001), with CAN1 explaining 57.2 per cent of total variance. Multivariate analytical techniques thus confirmed the existence of six different populations. The discriminatory capacity of biometric variables chosen for the study was also justified.

The current study was undertaken to evaluate various quality attributes of meat from three Indian native cattle breeds and cross-bred cows using Principal Component Analysis. Three muscles each from eight Vechur, Kasargod Dwarf, Gir and cross-bred cows of 10 years of age were utilized and analyzed for 13 variables such as physico-chemical and compositional attributes. The coefficients of variation of each parameter were in the range from 1.04 to 42.54 per cent. PCA transformed the variables into five principal components (PC), which explained about 75 per cent of total variability. PC1 was comprised of Warner-Bratzler shear force, collagen content, collagen solubility and sarcomere length. PC2 was characterized by a*, b*, cooking loss and fat content. Loading plots of the first two PCs revealed high correlation for objective measures of meat tenderness. In score plot, meat samples from cross-breds and native cattle breeds were organized into two distinct groups.