A series of six novel heterocyclic chalcone analogues 4(a-f) has been synthesized by condensing 2-acetyl-5-chlorothiophene with benzaldehyde derivatives in methanol at room temperature using a catalytic amount of sodium hydroxide. The newly synthesized compounds are characterized by IR, mass spectra, elemental analysis and melting point. Subsequently; the structures of these compounds were determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antioxidant potential by employing various in vitro models such as DPPH free radical scavenging assay, ABTS radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity. Results reflect the structural impact on the antioxidant ability of the compounds. The IC 50 values illustrate the mild to good antioxidant activities of the reported compounds. Among them, 4f with a p-methoxy substituent was found to be more potent as antioxidant agent.
In the title salt, C6H11NH3 +·SCN−, the cyclohexylammonium ring adopts a slightly distorted chair conformation. The ammonium group occupies an equatorial position to minimize 1,3 and 1,5 diaxial interactions. In the crystal, the components are linked by N—H⋯N and N—H⋯S hydrogen-bonding interactions, resulting in a three-dimensional network.
Biphenyl-based compounds are clinically important for the treatments of hypertension and inflammatory, while many more are under development for pharmaceutical uses. In the present study, a series of 2-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2-oxoethyl benzoates, 2(a-q), and 2-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2-oxoethyl pyridinecarboxylate, 2(r-s) were synthesized by reacting 1-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2-bromoethan-1-one with various carboxylic acids using potassium carbonate in dimethylformamide at ambient temperature. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed a more closely packed crystal structure can be produced by introduction of biphenyl moiety. Five of the compounds among the reported series exhibited significant anti-tyrosinase activities, in which 2p, 2r and 2s displayed good inhibitions which are comparable to standard inhibitor kojic acid at concentrations of 100 and 250 μg/mL. The inhibitory effects of these active compounds were further confirmed by computational molecular docking studies and the results revealed the primary binding site is active-site entrance instead of inner copper binding site which acted as the secondary binding site.
In the cinnarizinium dication of the title compound {systematic name: 1-diphenylmethyl-4-[(2E)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-yl]piperazine-1,4-diium bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenolate)}, C26H30N2 2+·2C6H2N3O7 −, the piperazine group is protonated at both N atoms and adopts a slightly distorted chair conformation. Strong N—H⋯Ohydroxy cation–anion hydrogen bonds link the dication and two anions. In the cation, the (2E)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-yl fragment is disordered over two positions in a ratio of 0.586 (4): 0.414 (4). Two nitro groups in one anion and three in the other one demonstrate rotational disorder. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak intermolecular π–π [centroid–centroid distances = 3.844 (7), 3.677 (9), 3.825 (5), 3.634 (2) and 3.729 (7) Å], C—H⋯π and C—H⋯O interactions.
The title 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione derivative, C18H20N4OS2, crystallized with two independent molecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. The 2-thienyl rings in both molecules are rotationally disordered over two orientations by approximately 180° about the single C—C bond that connects it to the oxadiazole thione ring; the ratios of site occupancies for the major and minor components were fixed in the structure refinement at 0.8:0.2 and 0.9:0.1 in molecules A and B, respectively. The 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione ring forms dihedral angles of 7.71 (16), 10.0 (11) and 77.50 (12)° (molecule A), and 6.5 (3), 6.0 (9) and 55.30 (12)° (molecule B) with the major and minor parts of the disordered thiophene ring and the mean plane of the adjacent piperazine ring, respectively, resulting in approximately V-shaped conformations for the molecules. The piperazine ring in both molecules adopts a chair conformation. The terminal benzene ring is inclined towards the mean plane of the piperazine ring with N—C—C—C torsion angles of −58.2 (3) and −66.2 (3)° in molecules A and B, respectively. In the crystal, no intermolecular hydrogen bonds are observed. The crystal packing features short S⋯S contacts [3.4792 (9) Å] and π–π interactions [3.661 (3), 3.664 (11) and 3.5727 (10) Å], producing a three-dimensional network.
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