The objective of this study was to identify and analyse the hydration status and liver function of young men before and during Ramadan fasting (RF). The study design was a prospective cohort into 1 st period (one week before fasting) and 2 nd period (the last ten days of fasting). The subjects were 18 healthy young men (19-30 years old). Data on dietary intake were collected using food record 3x24h, body composition were collected using bioelectrical impedance analyser (BIA), hydration status, and liver function data were measured trough urine and blood sample. This study showed significant differences in body weight, fat body mass, body mass index (BMI), body water, intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, and water, hydration status (serum osmolality and urine density), and liver function (SGOT and SGPT levels) before and during RF (p<0.05). There were significant correlation between fasting status and SGPT levels (p<0.05). The study concluded that Ramadan fasting has a positive effect to control body weight and improve liver function measured by SGOT and SGPT levels.

ABSTRACT

The objective of this research were to analyze the effect of snack feeding, nutrition education, and iron supplementation to nutritional status, nutrition knowledge, and anemia status in elementary school students. The study was conducted in SDN Palasari 02 Kecamatan Cijeruk, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. The design of this study was pre-post intervention study. The number of subjects were 81 students. The result showed that snacking did not give significant improvement on nutritional status (p&gt;0.05). Nutrition education was significant in improving nutrition knowledge (p&lt;0.05), while iron supplementation intake gave a significant improvement on anemia status (p&lt;0.05).<br />Keywords:

EFFICACY OF IRON-MULTIVITAMIN SUPPLEMENT FOR IMPROVING THE IRON STATUS OF ADOLESCENT FEMALESThe study was aimed to analyze the efficacy of supplementation iron-multivitamin for improving the iron status of adolescent females through the double-blind trial. Subjects were 224 of the first grade university students (IPB) who were randomly allocated to three study groups through a double blind trial. The first group received only placebo (control group); the second group received 60 mg iron, 250 ug folate (B-F group); the third group received 60 mg iron, 800 ug folate, 4200 ug retinyl acetate, 500 mg vitamin C, and 16.8 ug vitamin B12 (B-MV group). All supplements were distributed and consumed weekly during 25 weeks. The mean changes in Hb, STfR and SF among the groups were tested with Ancova and adjusted with BMI; capsule compliance; food/snack compliance; adequacy of energy, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, iron; and baseline value of Hb, STfR, SF. The results showed the demographics and nutritional characteristics of samples were not significantly different. At the baseline, the mean of haemoglobin (Hb=126.2±13.1 g/l) and serum ferritin (SF=18.3±15.9 ug/l) were not significantly different among the three groups (p<0.05). However, the serum transferrin receptor (STfR) was lower in the control (5.8 ± 3.2 mg/l) than B-F (7.9 ±4.4 mg/l) and B-MV (11.8±5.5 mg/l). After 25 week of supplementation, the mean change of hemoglobin was not different among the three groups (10.1 g/l; p>0.05). The B-MV group significantly lower decreased in STfR (-4.2 mg/l) and higher increased in SF (+13.4 ug/l) compared to B-F and control group (p<0.05). Meanwhile, only the STfR in B-F group (-1.3 ug/l) was significantly lower than control group (p<0.05). This implied the important of the multi-vitamin to complement the iron supplementation.