Purpose. In Western Australia approximately 450 violent offenders per year are referred to a cognitive‐behavioural anger management programme (Skills Training for Aggression Control; STAC). Efficacy of the STAC programme with male adult inmates was investigated in two studies. Methods. A pre‐test‐post‐test non‐equivalent group design was utilized for Study 1 (N = 39) and Study 2 (N = 50). Violent offenders participating in STAC programmes were compared to a waiting‐list control group on the dependent variables of anger knowledge, trait anger, anger expression, observed aggressive behaviour, and prison misconduct. Differential treatment effects according to trait anger level were examined in Study 2 anticipating greater gains for high trait anger violent offenders. Results. Data analyses provided little support for the hypothesized STAC participants' treatment gains relative to the control group participants. Hypothesized differential treatment effect by trait anger level was not supported. Conclusions. Based on the limited support for the STAC programmes' treatment efficacy, caution is recommended before implementing anger management programmes with violent offenders.
Purpose. The objectives of this paper are to review issues arising in the development of intervention and rehabilitative programmes for violent offenders. The scope of the paper is mainly restricted to programmes within prison and correctional settings. Argument. Relevant literature relating to the development of programmes for violent offenders is reviewed. We argue that a number of preconditions exist for well‐founded programmes. These include an adequate theoretical basis, individual formulation, population needs analysis, breadth of approach, cultural relevance, systemic integration, targeting of programmes and evaluation of outcomes. Conclusions. We conclude that addressing these issues is likely to lead to improved effectiveness in violence prevention.
Background: Employment holds many benefits for people living with psychosis. However, significant barriers to employment for this cohort appear to exist, notably stigma and discrimination against people living with serious mental health conditions. We asked: Would a qualitative sample including multiple stakeholder groups reveal similar results and if so, what would be the main impacts of such stigma and discrimination? Method: This analysis used data from a qualitative study that had employed focus groups and interviews to investigate the employment barriers and support needs of people living with psychosis, including views of the multiple stakeholders (those living with mental health conditions, health professionals, care-givers, employments consultants and community members and employers). Results: The impacts of workplace stigma and discrimination on people living with psychosis included work avoidance, reluctance to disclose mental health conditions to employers, work-related stress, and reduced longevity of employment. Conclusions: Significant impacts from such stigma and discrimination were found in this study. The findings indicate a need to provide support mechanisms and to change the culture of workplaces to improve employment opportunities and outcomes for people living with psychosis.
Harden, S., & Doley, R. (2015). Prevalence and correlates of firesetting behaviours among offending and non-offending youth. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lcrp.12062 JUVENILE FIRESETTING BEHAVIOURS 1 Abstract Purpose: Adolescents represent a disproportionate number of firesetters relative to their adult counterparts. There is limited understanding, however, in the differing rates of fire lighting behaviours between subgroups of youth.Methods: Utilising the recently developed Youth Fire Behaviours and Interests Scale (YFBIS), the differences in firesetting behaviours between adolescents adjudicated as offenders and non-offenders were evaluated. The associations for firesetting behaviours with antisocial behaviours and callous-unemotional traits were examined utilising items from the Antisocial Process Screening Device and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire.Participants were recruited across South-East Queensland; young offenders on community orders or in a youth detention centre (n=138), and adolescents from two private schools (n=136).Results: The young offender sample reported significantly higher prevalence of having lit a fire (67.4%), compared to non-offending youth (37.5%). Of concern, approximately one in five participants from both samples reported having lit 10 or more previous fires. Repeat fire lighting behaviour in both samples was significantly predicted by history of antisocial behaviours, positive affect regarding fire, fire-related interests and preoccupation with fire.Callous-unemotional traits had a complex association with firesetting that was only statistically significant after accounting for fire-specific predictors. Findings from the current study are limited by the reliance on self-report measures without verification from carers or other collateral sources. In a community sample of children between 6 and 14 years, Grolnick et al. (1990) reported that 38% of young people admitted to having played with fire (N=770). In a slightly older community sample of 567 participants aged between 11 and 17 years, Del Bove et al. (2004) found that 10.6% of boys and 3% of girls admitted to "setting a fire in public for fun". While these findings might suggest that the rate of firesetting amongst Australian youth is lower than other countries, it is possible that the difference in prevalence rates could be attributed to methodological issues. Surveying parents as opposed to young people themselves or only asking youth about lighting fire for fun may underestimate the prevalence of firesetting among youth.Other than Australian data, research has consistently found that a significant proportion of children (both community and non-community populations) engage in firesetting behaviours. As a result, firesetting behaviours have increasingly been conceptualised as relatively normal and part of a typical developmental pathway (Gaynor, 1996;Suss, 1998).Gaynor proposed that throughout development, children pass through sequential phases, learning age-appropriate and fire-safe behaviours ...
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