The panel reports surgical guidelines and definitions based on the best available evidence. The availability of more standardized information in the future should allow for more grade A recommendations.
From 1980 to 1989, 279 patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at a single institution with a postoperative mortality of 4%. The aim of this study was to determine incidence, origin, and present management strategy of early complications following this operation. Significant morbidity occurred in 46% of the patients, including delayed gastric emptying (23%), pancreaticojejunal anastomotic leak (17%), intra-abdominal sepsis (10%), biliary-enteric anastomotic leak (9%), gastrointestinal tract bleeding (5%), and intra-abdominal hemorrhage (3%). Complications were associated with advanced age, prolonged operations, and increased operative blood loss. Most complications were managed nonoperatively. Mortality was increased when a reoperation was required, a biliary-enteric leak occurred, or an intra-abdominal abscess developed. Pancreaticoduodenectomy continues to carry a high postoperative morbidity; however, operative mortality is low, and management of complications has been made simpler with more sophisticated, nonoperative therapeutic options.
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