Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica: Cadophora antarctica from soil. Australia: Alfaria dandenongensis on Cyperaceae, Amphosoma persooniae on Persoonia sp., Anungitea nullicana on Eucalyptus sp., Bagadiella eucalypti on Eucalyptus globulus, Castanediella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus sp., Cercospora dianellicola on Dianella sp., Cladoriella kinglakensis on Eucalyptus regnans, Cladoriella xanthorrhoeae (incl. Cladoriellaceae fam. nov. and Cladoriellales ord. nov.) on Xanthorrhoea sp., Cochlearomyces eucalypti (incl. Cochlearomyces gen. nov. and Cochlearomycetaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus obliqua, Codinaea lambertiae on Lambertia formosa, Diaporthe obtusifoliae on Acacia obtusifolia, Didymella acaciae on Acacia melanoxylon, Dothidea eucalypti on Eucalyptus dalrympleana, Fitzroyomyces cyperi (incl. Fitzroyomyces gen. nov.) on Cyperaceae, Murramarangomyces corymbiae (incl. Murramarangomyces gen. nov., Murramarangomycetaceae fam. nov. and Murramarangomycetales ord. nov.) on Corymbia maculata, Neoanungitea eucalypti (incl. Neoanungitea gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus obliqua, Neoconiothyrium persooniae (incl. Neoconiothyrium gen. nov.) on Persoonia laurina subsp. laurina, Neocrinula lambertiae (incl. Neocrinulaceae fam. nov.) on Lambertia sp., Ochroconis podocarpi on Podocarpus grayae, Paraphysalospora eucalypti (incl. Paraphysalospora gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus sieberi, Pararamichloridium livistonae (incl. Pararamichloridium gen. nov., Pararamichloridiaceae fam. nov. and Pararamichloridiales ord. nov.) on Livistona sp., Pestalotiopsis dianellae on Dianella sp., Phaeosphaeria gahniae on Gahnia aspera, Phlogicylindrium tereticornis on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Pleopassalora acaciae on Acacia obliquinervia, Pseudodactylaria xanthorrhoeae (incl. Pseudodactylaria gen. nov., Pseudodactylariaceae fam. nov. and Pseudodactylariales ord. nov.) on Xanthorrhoea sp., Pseudosporidesmium lambertiae (incl. Pseudosporidesmiaceae fam. nov.) on Lambertia formosa, Saccharata acaciae on Acacia sp., Saccharata epacridis on Epacris sp., Saccharata hakeigena on Hakea sericea, Seiridium persooniae on Persoonia sp., Semifissispora tooloomensis on Eucalyptus dunnii, Stagonospora lomandrae on Lomandra longifolia, Stagonospora victoriana on Poaceae, Subramaniomyces podocarpi on Podocarpus elatus, Sympoventuria melaleucae on Melaleuca sp., Sympoventuria regnans on Eucalyptus regnans, Trichomerium eucalypti on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Vermiculariopsiella eucalypticola on Eucalyptus dalrympleana, Verrucoconiothyrium acaciae on Acacia falciformis, Xenopassalora petrophiles (incl. Xenopassalora gen. nov.) on Petrophile sp., Zasmidium dasypogonis on Dasypogon sp., Zasmidium gahniicola on Gahnia sieberiana. Brazil: Achaetomium lippiae on Lippia gracilis, Cyathus isometricus on decaying wood, Geastrum caririense on soil, Lycoperdon demoulinii (incl. Lycoperdon subg. Arenicola) on soil, Megatomentella cristata (incl. Megatomentella gen. nov.) on unidentified plant, Mutinus verrucosus on soil, Par...

No abstract

The East Mediterranean species of Orthomus Chaudoir, 1838 are revised. The type series of Feronia longula Reiche & Saulcy, 1855, F. berytensis Reiche & Saulcy, 1855, F. proelonga Reiche & Saulcy, 1855, Orthomus longior Chaudoir, 1873, O. sidonicus Chaudoir, 1873, and O. berytensis akbensis Mateu, 1955 were studied and lectotypes for the first four are designated. Also, the following nomenclatural acts are proposed: Feronia proelonga Reiche & Saulcy, 1855, syn. n. of Orthomus berytensis (Reiche & Saulcy, 1855); Feronia elongata Chaudoir, 1859, syn. n. of Orthomus berytensis (Reiche & Saulcy, 1855); Orthomus sidonicus Chaudoir, 1873, syn. n. of Orthomus longior Chaudoir, 1873; Orthomus velocissimus andalusiacus Mateu, 1957, syn. n. of Orthomus velocissimus akbensis Mateu, 1955, new assignment for Orthomus berytensis akbensis Mateu, 1955. As a result, three species of the genus inhabit the East Mediterranean biogeographical region: O. berytensis, O. longior, and O. longulus. A key to these three species is given. O. longior is recorded for Turkey and Syria for the first time. In addition, a new synonymy of two West Mediterranean taxa is proposed: O. szekessyi (Jedlička, 1956), syn. n. of O. balearicus (Piochard de la Brûlerie, 1868), and a new genus and a species are described: Parorthomus gen. n. socotranus sp. n. (type locality: Republic of Yemen, Socotra Archipelago, Socotra Island, Fimihin env., 530 m.a.s.l.). Illustrations of the species dealt with here are provided including external characters, habitus, mentum and submentum, and genitalia are provided.Nine genera of the “African Series” of subtribe Euchroina Chaudoir, 1874 are keyed for the first time. Checklists of the species of Orthomus and of the Old World euchroine genera are given.

Biogeographers, long ago described the species richness and composition changes that occur with altitude (Humboldt, 1805; Merriam, 1894), and it is now widely recognized that both environmental conditions and historical factors play an important role in explaining such variation (Brown & Lomolino, 1998). In the case of Holarctic dung beetle assemblages, the variation in species richness and composition turnover with altitude seems to be related to replacement of one dung beetle lineage by another. Geotrupinae -but mainly Aphodiinae -species generally dominate in north-temperate regions and at high altitudes, while Scarabaeinae species dominate in the Mediterranean region and in the lowlands (see Hanski, 1986; Martin-Piera et al., 1992;Halffter et al., 1995;Jay-Robert et al., 1997;Lobo, 2000;Lobo & Halffter, 2000;Errouissi et al., 2004;Escobar et al., 2005Escobar et al., , 2006. This may be the consequence of the colonization of the south by northern lineages, favoured by the climate changes that occurred in the Pleistocene (Jay-Robert et al., 1997;Lobo & Halffter, 2000;Escobar et al., 2006). Unfortunately, data on the distribution of dung beetles with altitude in the Palaearctic are only for some western European regions (France and the Iberian Peninsula); there is no reliable, standardized data from the eastern European mountains. This study of the variation with altitude in faunistic composition and species richness in the western Rhodopes Mountains, near the oriental Euromediterranean region, aims to: corroborate patterns established for other western European mountain assemblages; discuss the general characteristics of these mountain assemblages; and determine the altitudinal variation in species richness, abundance and composition of the main dung beetle groups. METHODS Studied regionThe Western Rhodopes, in south-central Bulgaria, occupy an area of more than 8,000 square kilometres. The western and eastern peaks of the massif (the highest is Golyam Perelik, 2191 m), are separated by the Vucha River valley. Its complex relief and broad surface, together with its connection to the highest massif of the Balkan Peninsula and its proximity to the Mediterranean Sea, determine its diverse climate. In the middle and high mountain regions, which include most of the area, the average annual temperature is 5-9°C. Maximum precipitation is evenly distributed, in May-June and November. Highly diverse habitats (e.g. forest, meadow, riverside, limestone, sandy, stony, gravel, as well as various types of ecotones) coexist in the region. Four main vegetation formations are distributed along an altitude gradient: (i) xero-mesophilous, broad-leaved woodlands and shrubs of Submediterranean type; (ii) mesophilous, broadleaved woodlands of Nemoral type; (iii) mesophilous, coniferous forest of Boreal type; and (iv) open, high-mountain mesophilous pastures of Alpine type. A local peculiarity is the predominance of mesophilous, coniferous forests of Boreal type, between 800 and 1800 m; to a large extent they have displaced the seco...

No abstract