State-of-the-art performance is demonstrated from a carbon nanotube enabled vertical field effect transistor using an organic channel material. The device exhibits an on/off current ratio >10(5) for a gate voltage range of 4 V with a current density output exceeding 50 mA/cm(2). The architecture enables submicrometer channel lengths while avoiding high-resolution patterning. The ability to drive high currents and inexpensive fabrication may provide the solution for the so-called OLED backplane problem.
A highly efficient strategy for synthesizing the first biocompatible polyesters with AIE characteristics has been established via immortal ring-opening polymerizations of cyclic esters bearing nonluminophores. In the process, the large excess hydroxyl-modified AIE active compound, acting as the chain transfer agent, attaches to the active rare-earth metal catalyst via the rapid-reversible exchange reaction to initiate the polymerization. Thus, more polyester chains appear to grow from one active metal species, and the AIE fragments are incorporated into the polymer chains at specific sites, in situ. The resultant polyesters have linear, block, or star-shaped microstructures mimicking those of the modified AIE compounds. The polymerization solutions can be directly fabricated to large-area thin solid films. The obtained PLA, for instance, emits fluorescence in water/THF mixtures owing to aggregation, the intensity of which is 2850-fold stronger than that in THF solution. This strategy avoids complicated preparation of AIE-active monomers and/or usage of toxic metal reagents for catalyzing the coupling reactions in order to introduce AIE-active fragments, which provides a straightforward approach to access AIE active or other functional polymers from hardly modified monomers.
We have prepared a number of phenanthroline-functionalized imidazolium and triazolium salts from 2-iodo-1,10-phenanthroline and imidazole and triazole derivatives. Simple reactions of these imidazolium salts with copper powder at room temperature have afforded a series of dinuclear copper(I)-NHC complexes doubly bridged by N-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)imidazolylidene ligands in excellent yields. The two phen-NHC ligands are either head-to-head or head-to-tail arranged depending upon the steric repulsion of the substituents. Reactions of imidazolium halides and copper yielded dinuclear complexes [Cu 2 (μ-X)(L6) 2 ]X (X = Cl, Br, I) in nearly quantitative yields. The dinuclear [Cu 2 (L10) 2 (μ-MeCN)] 2+ was similarly obtained through 1,2,4-triazolium salts and copper, and the compound consists of a bridging CH 3 CN molecule, representing the first example of Cu-NHC complexes with a 3c−2e bond. These Cu(I) complexes have been characterized by NMR spectra and elemental analysis and further confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. These dinuclear copper-NHC complexes are highly active for cycloaddition reaction of alkynes and azides at room temperature. [Cu 2 (μ-X)(L6) 2 ]X are the most efficient catalysts among these dinuclear complexes in acetonitrile, which are superior to the commonly used copper catalysts for click reaction.
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