Serum miR-21 levels are elevated in HRPC patients, especially in those resistant to docetaxel-based chemotherapy. It may be applicable as a marker to indicate the transformation to hormone refractory disease, and a potential predictor for the efficacy of docetaxel-based chemotherapy.
This study aimed to investigate the role of AR-V7 in development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and to determine whether the AR-V7 expression in CRPC tissues can predict cancer-specific survival. We enrolled 100 localized prostate cancer (PCa) (cohort 1), 104 newly diagnosed metastatic PCa (cohort 2), and 46 CRPC (cohort 3) patients treated at our institution. The expression of AR-V7 in PCa was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the predictive role of all covariates for the development of CRPC in cohort 2 and for cancer-specific survival in cohort 3. Time to CRPC and cancer-specific survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. AR-V7 expression rate in cohort 3 was significantly elevated compared with other two cohorts (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that AR-V7 was an independent predictive factor for CRPC development (HR = 2.627, p = 0.001) and for cancer specific survival (HR = 2.247, p = 0.033). Furthermore, the AR-V7 expression was associated with shorter survival in CRPC patients. Our results demonstrated protein AR-V7 levels in primary tumors can be used as a predictive marker for the development of CRPC and as a prognostic factor in CRPC patients. Therapy targeting AR-V7 may help prevent PCa progression and improve the prognosis of CRPC patients.
This study aims to construct the stromal immunotype, which could improve the prediction of postsurgical survival and adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). A total of 118 patients with MIBC from Shanghai Cancer Center, 140 patients with MIBC from Zhongshan Hospital, and 287 patients with MIBC from TCGA cohort were included in the study. Immune cell infiltration was evaluated by IHC staining or CIBERSORT method. Five immune features were selected out of 22 immune features to construct immunotypes based on the LASSO Cox regression model. Using the LASSO model, we classified patients with MIBC into stromal immunotype A subgroup (CTLNKTregMacrophageMC) and stromal immunotype B subgroup (CTLNKTregMacrophageMC). Significant differences were found between immunotype A and immunotype B in the combined cohort with 5-year overall survival (OS, 76.0% vs. 44.0%; < 0.001) and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS, 62.8% vs. 48.3%; < 0.001). Stromal immunotype was revealed to be an independent prognostic indicator in multivariate analysis in all cohorts separately. Either OS or DFS was not improved by adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in pT2 stage patients or pT3+pT4 patients, but further analysis revealed that OS and disease-free was significantly improved by ACT in pT3+pT4 patients ( = 0.016 and = 0.006, respectively). Finally, stromal immunotype A showed higher immune checkpoint molecules (PD-L1, PD-1, and CTLA-4) expression. The stromal immunotypes could effectively predict survival and recurrence of MIBC. Furthermore, the immunotypes might be a practical predictive tool to identify pT3+pT4 patients who would benefit from ACT. .
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.